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  1. The Black Swan Theory was described by Nassim Nicholas Taleb in his book “The Black Swan”. This theory refers to “high-impact, hard-to-predict, and rare events beyond the realm of normal expectations”. Accordi...

    Authors: Marco Vacante, Velia D’Agata, Massimo Motta, Giulia Malaguarnera, Antonio Biondi, Francesco Basile, Michele Malaguarnera, Caterina Gagliano, Filippo Drago and Salvatore Salamone
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  2. Colorectal cancer represents the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Owing to differences in dietary habits and lifestyle, this neoplasm is more common in industrialized countries than in dev...

    Authors: Mario Uccello, Giulia Malaguarnera, Francesco Basile, Velia D’agata, Michele Malaguarnera, Gaetano Bertino, Marco Vacante, Filippo Drago and Antonio Biondi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  3. The case presented by the authors gives the opportunity to discuss the medico-legal issues related to lack of prevention of falls in elderly hospitalized patients.

    Authors: Claudio Terranova, Fabrizio Cardin, Bruno Martella, Bruno Amato and Carmelo Militello
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S34
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  4. The treatment of ventral hernias is still a subject of debate. The affixing of a prosthesis and the subsequent introduction of laparoscopic treatment have reduced complications and recurrences. The high incide...

    Authors: Roberto Rea, Paolo Falco, Domenico Izzo, Maddalena Leongito and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  5. To remark the feasibility of endovascular treatment of an aorto-caval fistula in a old high risk patient with “hostile” abdomen for previous surgeries.

    Authors: Antonio Rapacciuolo, Maria Carmen De Angelis, Elisa di Pietro, Roberto Puglia, Ettore Di Tommaso, Danilo Ruggiero, Bruno Amato and Gabriele Iannelli
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  6. Anemia is the most common hematologic abnormality in older populations. Furthermore, iron deficiency anemia is common and merits investigation and treatment, as it usually results from chronic occult bleeding ...

    Authors: G Orlando, IM Luppino, MA Lerose, R Gervasi, B Amato, G Silecchia and A Puzziello
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  7. A 71 years old Italian man had type 3 gastric cancer of the greater curvature. Total gastrectomy with splenectomy and D2 lymph node dissection were performed. After discharge chemotherapy ELF regimen was admin...

    Authors: Bruno Martella, Fabrizio Cardin, Renata Lorenzetti, Claudio Terranova, Bruno Amato and Carmelo Militello
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  8. The biofragmentable anastomotic ring has been used to this day for various types of anastomosis in the gastrointestinal tract, but it has not yet achieved widespread acceptance among surgeons. The purpose of t...

    Authors: Luigi Marano, Bartolomeo Braccio, Michele Schettino, Giuseppe Izzo, Angelo Cosenza, Michele Grassia, Raffaele Porfidia, Gianmarco Reda, Marianna Petrillo, Giuseppe Esposito and Natale Di Martino
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  9. Aortic pathology progression and/or procedure related complications following endovascular repair should always be considered mostly in older patients. We herein describe a hybrid procedure for treatment of ra...

    Authors: Vito Mannacio, Michele Mottola, Danilo Ruggiero, Andrea D’Alessio, Giuseppina Gabriella Surace, Ettorino Di Tommaso, Bruno Amato and Gabriele Iannelli
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  10. Peyronie’s disease is an acquired connective tissue disorder of the penile tunica albuginea with fibrosis and inflammation. The disease produces palpable plaques, penile curvature and pain during erections. Pa...

    Authors: Fabrizio Iacono, Domenico Prezioso, Antonio Ruffo, Ester Illiano, Giuseppe Romeo and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  11. We studied the possible correlation between age, testosterone deficiency, cavernosal fibrosis and erectile dysfunction (ED).

    Authors: Fabrizio Iacono, Domenico Prezioso, Antonio Ruffo, Ester Illiano, Leo Romis, G Di Lauro, Giuseppe Romeo and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  12. Reduced libido is widely considered the most prominent symptomatic reflection of low testosterone (T) levels in men. Testosterone deficiency (TD) afflicts approximately 30% of men aged 40-79 years. This study ...

    Authors: Fabrizio Iacono, Domenico Prezioso, Ester Illiano, Giuseppe Romeo, Antonio Ruffo and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  13. Anastomotic leakage is a major complication in colorectal surgery and with an incidence of 11% the most common cause of morbidity and mortality. In order to reduce the incidence of anastomotic leakage the C-se...

    Authors: Ilsalien S Bakker, Annelien N Morks, Henk O ten Cate Hoedemaker, Johannes G M Burgerhof, Henri G Leuvenink, Rutger J Ploeg and Klaas Havenga
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:23
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  14. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are associated with great emotional costs to individuals and substantial economic costs to society. This study seeks to evaluate the effe...

    Authors: Fabrizio Iacono, Domenico Prezioso, Ester Illiano, Antonio Ruffo, Giuseppe Romeo and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S22
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in BMC Surgery 2016 16:23

  15. Over the past years laser technology has played a predominant role in prostate surgery, for the treatment of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH). Various laser devices have been introduced in clinical practice, ...

    Authors: Fabrizio Iacono, Domenico Prezioso, Giovanni Di Lauro, Giuseppe Romeo, Antonio Ruffo, Ester Illiano and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  16. Increased life expectancy has led to elevating the mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis of colon cancer and subsequent treatment. Differences in complication rates and outcome between elderly and ...

    Authors: Giuseppe Grosso, Antonio Biondi, Stefano Marventano, Antonio Mistretta, Giorgio Calabrese and Francesco Basile
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  17. Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (LE-PAD) is a highly prevalent condition among diabetic patients, associated with reduced walking capacity and a high incidence of cardiovascular events. Endovascula...

    Authors: Giuseppe Giugliano, Cinzia Perrino, Vittorio Schiano, Linda Brevetti, Anna Sannino, Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella, Giuseppe Gargiulo, Federica Serino, Marco Ferrone, Fernando Scudiero, Andreina Carbone, Antonio Bruno, Bruno Amato, Bruno Trimarco and Giovanni Esposito
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  18. In the last years significant attention has been paid in identifying markers of subclinical atherosclerosis or of increased cardiovascular risk.

    Authors: Giuseppe Giugliano, Anna Sannino, Linda Brevetti, Cinzia Perrino, Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella, Anna Franzone, Federica Serino, Marco Ferrone, Fernando Scudiero, Andreina Carbone, Michele De Paulis, Raffaele Izzo, Bruno Amato, Bruno Trimarco and Giovanni Esposito
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  19. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a frequent cause of death among elderly. Patients affected by lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (LE-PAD) seem to be particularly at high risk for AAA. We aimed this...

    Authors: Giuseppe Giugliano, Eugenio Laurenzano, Carlo Rengo, Giovanna De Rosa, Linda Brevetti, Anna Sannino, Cinzia Perrino, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella, Federica Serino, Marco Ferrone, Fernando Scudiero, Andreina Carbone, Antonio Sorropago, Bruno Amato, Bruno Trimarco…
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  20. The incidence of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (LE-PAD) continues to increase and associated morbidity remains high. Despite the significant development of percutaneous revascularization strategies...

    Authors: Anna Franzone, Marco Ferrone, Giuseppe Carotenuto, Andreina Carbone, Laura Scudiero, Federica Serino, Fernando Scudiero, Raffaele Izzo, Raffaele Piccolo, Savio Saviano, Bruno Amato, Cinzia Perrino, Bruno Trimarco and Giovanni Esposito
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S13
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  21. The inguinal hernia is one of the most common diseases in the elderly. Treatment of this type of pathology is exclusively surgical and relies almost always on the use of local anesthesia. While in the past her...

    Authors: Rita Compagna, Gabriele Vigliotti, Guido Coretti, Maurizio Amato, Giovanni Aprea, Alessandro Puzziello, Carmelo Militello, Fabrizio Iacono, Domenico Prezioso and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  22. To determine whether patients with no alarm signs who ask the endoscopist to shorten their waiting time due to test result anxiety, represent a risk category for a major organic pathology.

    Authors: Fabrizio Cardin, Alessandra Andreotti, Manuel Zorzi, Claudio Terranova, Bruno Martella, Bruno Amato and Carmelo Militello
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  23. Differences in health-related quality of life perception in patients with chronic disease may depend on pre-existing differences in personality profile. The purpose of the study was to investigate in a cohort ...

    Authors: Fabrizio Cardin, Francesco Ambrosio, Piero Amodio, Lina Minazzato, Giancarlo Bombonato, Sami Schiff, Katiuscia Finotti, Daria Giuliani, Tonino Bianco, Claudio Terranova, Carmelo Militello and Carlo Ori
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S10
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  24. To study the relationship between endoscopic practice and adverse events during colonoscopy under standard deep sedation induced and monitored by an anesthetist.

    Authors: Fabrizio Cardin, Nadia Minicuci, Federico Campigotto, Alessandra Andreotti, Elisa Granziaera, Barbara Donà, Bruno Martella, Claudio Terranova and Carmelo Militello
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  25. The aim of this study was to define any benefits in terms of early outcome for laparoscopic colectomy in patients over 75 years old (OP) compared with the outcomes of a younger populations (YP).

    Authors: Vincenzo Bottino, Maria Grazia Esposito, Arianna Mottola, Giampaolo Marte, Vittorio Di Maio, Valerio Sciascia, Marco Nunziante, Giovanni Fregola, Salvatore Cuzzovaglia, Francesco Galante, Federica Andreoli, Alfredo Breglia, Maria Elena Giuliano, Domenico Papaleo, Paola Della Rocca and Pietro Maida
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  26. During the past three decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States has tripled. The neuroendocrine character has been observed in some tumor cells within some hepatocellular carcinom...

    Authors: Antonio Biondi, Giulia Malaguarnera, Marco Vacante, Massimiliano Berretta, Velia D’Agata, Michele Malaguarnera, Francesco Basile, Filippo Drago and Gaetano Bertino
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S7
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  27. The management of cutaneous metastases often represents a challenge because they may be widespread and may recur after radiotherapy or chemotherapy; breast cancer accounts for 51% of the total cases of cutaneo...

    Authors: Raffaella Benevento, Antonio Santoriello, Giuseppe Perna and Silvestro Canonico
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  28. Cholecystectomy, gold standard treatment for gallbladder lithiasis, is closely associated with increased bile reflux into the stomach as amply demonstrated by experimental studies. The high prevalence of galls...

    Authors: Giovanni Aprea, Alfonso Canfora, Antonio Ferronetti, Antonio Giugliano, Francesco Guida, Antonio Braun, Melania Battaglini Ciciriello, Federica Tovecci, Giovanni Mastrobuoni, Fabrizio Cardin and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S5
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  29. The gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most frequent disease of the upper gastro-entheric tract. Surgical treatment is reserved to selected patients, affected by severe forms of disease and/...

    Authors: Giovanni Aprea, Antonio Ferronetti, Alfonso Canfora, Fabrizio Cardin, Antonio Giugliano, Francesco Guida, Antonio Braun, Melania Battaglini Ciciriello, Federica Tovecci, Giovanni Mastrobuoni and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S4
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  30. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and the safety of hernioplasty under local anaesthesia in elderly patients with significant comorbidity.

    Authors: Bruno Amato, Rita Compagna, Gianni Antonio Della Corte, Giovanni Martino, Tommaso Bianco, Guido Coretti, Roberto Rossi, Francesca Fappiano, Giovanni Aprea and Alessandro Puzziello
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  31. Substantial progresses in the management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have been made in the past two decades. Progress in the understanding of the endothelial-platel...

    Authors: Bruno Amato, Rita Compagna, Gianni Antonio Della Corte, Giovanni Martino, Tommaso Bianco, Guido Coretti, Roberto Rossi, Antonio Braucci, Giovanni Aprea, Pio Zeppa, Alessandro Puzziello and Claudio Terranova
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12(Suppl 1):S1
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in BMC Surgery 2016 16:24

  34. Gastric cancer with synchronous liver metastasis remains a clinical treatment challenge. There has been a longstanding debate on the question whether surgical resection could be beneficial to long-term surviva...

    Authors: Yan-Na Wang, Kun-Tang Shen, Jia-Qian Ling, Xiao-Dong Gao, Ying-Yong Hou, Xue-Fei Wang, Jing Qin, Yi-Hong Sun and Xin-Yu Qin
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Inguinal hernia is a common condition and its repair (herniorrhaphy) is one of the most commonly performed procedures in general surgery. The Lichtenstein herniorrhaphy technique is a widely used and effective...

    Authors: Rannie Rabe, Clarence Pio Rey Yacapin, Brian S Buckley and Jose Macario Faylona
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Prophylactic antibiotics (PAs) are beneficial to breast cancer patients undergoing surgery because they prevent surgical site infection (SSI), but limited information regarding their use has been published. Th...

    Authors: Sergio A Acuna, Fernando A Angarita, Jaime Escallon, Mauricio Tawil and Lilian Torregrosa
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. In upper limb surgery, the pneumatic tourniquet is an essential tool to provide a clean, bloodless surgical field, improving visualization of anatomical structures and preventing iatrogenic failure. Optimal in...

    Authors: Junko Sato, Yoshinori Ishii, Hideo Noguchi and Mitsuhiro Takeda
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:17
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. This study was designed to identify risk factors for lymph node metastasis of early stage colorectal cancer, which was confirmed to a carcinoma that invaded the submucosa after radical resection.

    Authors: Bong-Hyeon Kye, Ji-Han Jung, Hyung-Jin Kim, Se-Goo Kang, Hyeon-Min Cho and Jun-Gi Kim
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:16
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The incision used for thyroid surgery has become shorter over time, from the classical 10 cm long Kocher incision to the shortest 15 mm access achieved with Minimally Invasive Video-Assisted Thyroidectomy. Thi...

    Authors: Fabrizio Consorti, Francesca Milazzo, Mariagiovanna Notarangelo, Laura Scardella and Alfredo Antonaci
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Patients having arthroscopic shoulder surgery frequently experience periods of inadvertent hypothermia. This common perioperative problem has been linked to adverse patient outcomes such as myocardial ischaemi...

    Authors: Jed Duff, Renatta Di Staso, Kerry-Anne Cobbe, Nicole Draper, Simon Tan, Emma Halliday, Sandy Middleton, Lawrence Lam and Kim Walker
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:14
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  42. Hydrocephalus following spontaneous aneurysmal sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is often associated with unfavorable outcome. This study aimed to determine the potential risk factors and outcomes of shunt-depend...

    Authors: Yi-Min Wang, Yu-Jun Lin, Ming-Jung Chuang, Tsung-Han Lee, Nai-Wen Tsai, Ben-Chung Cheng, Wei-Che Lin, Ben Yu-Jih Su, Tzu-Ming Yang, Wen-Neng Chang, Chih-Cheng Huang, Chia-Te Kung, Lian-Hui Lee, Hung-Chen Wang and Cheng-Hsien Lu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:12
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in relation to age, sex, clinical stage, postoperative complication, and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients who underwent curative total gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy...

    Authors: Gintare Jakstaite, Narimantas Evaldas Samalavicius, Giedre Smailyte and Raimundas Lunevicius
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:11
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) is the classical reconstruction for benign biliary stricture. Endoscopic management of anastomotic complications after hepaticojejunostomy is extremely difficult. In this work we asses...

    Authors: Mostafa A Hamad and Hussein El-Amin
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:9
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Communication breakdowns represent the main root cause of preventable complications which lead to harm to surgical patients. Standardized readbacks have been successfully implemented as a main pillar of profes...

    Authors: Hari Prabhakar, Jeffrey B Cooper, Allison Sabel, Sebastian Weckbach, Philip S Mehler and Philip F Stahel
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:8
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. To describe the rationale and design of an observational cohort study analyzing the effects of endoscopic Totally Extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair on male fertility (MAIN study).

    Authors: Nelleke Schouten, Thijs van Dalen, Niels Smakman, Sjoerd G Elias, Cees van de Water, Roan J Spermon, Laurens Sibinga Mulder and Ine P J Burgmans
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:7
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  48. Modern high-velocity projectiles produce temporary cavities and can thus cause extensive tissue destruction along the bullet path. It is still unclear whether gelatin blocks, which are used as a well-accepted ...

    Authors: Constantin von See, Majeed Rana, Marcus Stoetzer, Horst Kokemueller, Martin Ruecker and Nils-Claudius Gellrich
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:6
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Five percent of all patients with breast cancer have distant metastatic disease at initial presentation. Because metastatic breast cancer is considered to be an incurable disease, it is generally treated with ...

    Authors: Jetske Ruiterkamp, Adri C Voogd, Vivianne CG Tjan-Heijnen, Koop Bosscha, Yvette M van der Linden, Emiel JTh Rutgers, Epie Boven, Maurice JC van der Sangen and Miranda F Ernst
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:5
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  50. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has gained acceptance among surgeons, for the treatment of open abdomen, since very high closure rates have been reported with this method, compared to other kinds of wou...

    Authors: Sandra Lindstedt, Malin Malmsjö, Johan Hansson, Joanna Hlebowicz and Richard Ingemansson
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2012 12:4
    Content type: Research article Published on:
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