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  1. Transanal microscopic surgery is an important application of minimally invasive surgery of rectum, allowing realization of complex transanal intervention.

    Authors: Stefano Perrotta, Gennaro Quarto, Vincenzo Desiato, Gianluca Benassai, Bruno Amato and Giacomo Benassai
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S56

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  2. To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of strict prone posturing taken for 2 hours after operation in preventing the occurrence of unintentional retinal displacement in elderly patients operated on f...

    Authors: Roberto dell'Omo, Francesco Semeraro, Germano Guerra, Marco Verolino, Mariapia Cinelli, Stefania Montagnani and Ciro Costagliola
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S55

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  3. Dysphagia consists in alteration of the swallowing mechanism, due to different pathological conditions, which can occur at different levels. The exact prevalence of dysphagia is unclear, even if some AA sugges...

    Authors: Alfonso Reginelli, Francesca Iacobellis, Lucia Del Vecchio, Luigi Monaco, Daniela Berritto, Graziella Di Grezia, Eugenio Annibale Genovese, Melchiore Giganti and Salvatore Cappabianca
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S54

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  4. Purpose of the study is to define the role of conventional radiology and MRI in the evaluation of pelvic floor hernias in female pelvic floor disorders.

    Authors: Alfonso Reginelli, Graziella Di Grezia, Gianluca Gatta, Francesca Iacobellis, Claudia Rossi, Melchiore Giganti, Francesco Coppolino and Luca Brunese
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S53

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  5. Intestinal ischemia is an abdominal emergency that accounts for approximately 2% of gastrointestinal illnesses. It represents a complex of diseases caused by impaired blood perfusion to the small and/or large ...

    Authors: Alfonso Reginelli, Francesca Iacobellis, Daniela Berritto, Giuliano Gagliardi, Graziella Di Grezia, Michele Rossi, Paolo Fonio and Roberto Grassi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S51

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  6. Primary thyroid lymphomas (PTLs) account for 5% of thyroid malignant tumors and often develop in patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis (HT). Fine-needle cytology (FNC) is widely used in the diagnosis of thyroid ...

    Authors: Elena Vigliar, Alessia Caleo, Mario Vitale, Vincenzo Di Crescenzo, Alfredo Garzi and Pio Zeppa
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S49

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  7. Endovascular repair of aortic aneurysms (EVAR) is obtained through the positioning of an aortic stent-graft, which excludes the aneurysmatic dilation. Type I endoleak is the most common complication, and it is...

    Authors: Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella, Fabio Magliulo, Flora Ilaria Laurino, Roberta Bottino, Antonio Giulio Bruno, Michele De Paulis, Antonio Sorropago, Cinzia Perrino, Bruno Amato, Dario Leosco, Bruno Trimarco and Giovanni Esposito
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S47

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  8. Endothelial dysfunction or loss is the early event that leads to a host of severe cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, brain stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral artery dise...

    Authors: Francesco Moccia, Silvia Dragoni, Mariapia Cinelli, Stefania Montagnani, Bruno Amato, Vittorio Rosti, Germano Guerra and Franco Tanzi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S46

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  9. Liver represents the main organ subject to metastases from colorectal tumors. Resections of liver metastases from colorectal cancer have a well-considered therapeutic role underlined by survival of 5 years by ...

    Authors: Domenico Loffredo, Alberto Marvaso, Sandro Ceraso, Nicola Angelo Cinelli, Aldo Rocca, Mario Vitale, Michele Rossi, Eugenio Annibale Genovese, Bruno Amato and Mariapia Cinelli
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S45

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  10. Amyloidosis is a systemic disease characterized by the extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in different organs and tissues. The thyroid gland may be affected by diffuse or nodular amyloid deposits, alo...

    Authors: Vincenzo Di Crescenzo, Alfredo Garzi, Fara Petruzziello, Mariapia Cinelli, Lucio Catalano, Pio Zeppa and Mario Vitale
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S43

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  11. Long standing Hashimoto Thyroiditis (HT) causes shrinking and atrophy of the thyroid, but may also lead to diffuse enlargement of the gland and/or formation of nodules. These nodules should be differentiated f...

    Authors: Alessia Caleo, Elena Vigliar, Mario Vitale, Vincenzo Di Crescenzo, Mariapia Cinelli, Chiara Carlomagno, Alfredo Garzi and Pio Zeppa
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S41

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  12. Nitric oxide is key to endothelial regeneration, but it is still unknown whether endothelial cell (EC) loss results in an increase in NO levels at the wound edge. We have already shown that endothelial damage ...

    Authors: Roberto Berra-Romani, José Everardo Avelino-Cruz, Abdul Raqeeb, Alessandro Della Corte, Mariapia Cinelli, Stefania Montagnani, Germano Guerra, Francesco Moccia and Franco Tanzi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S40

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  13. Thyroid cancer is a rare disease characterized by the subtle appearance of a nodule. Fine-needle cytology (FNC) is the first diagnostic procedure used to distinguish a benign from a malignant nodule. However, ...

    Authors: Anna Guerra, Vincenzo Di Crescenzo, Alfredo Garzi, Mariapia Cinelli, Chiara Carlomagno, Stefano Pepe, Pio Zeppa, Massimo Tonacchera and Mario Vitale
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S37

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  14. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a frequent disease among elderly, and is responsible for considerable disability. Benign prostatic hyperplasia can be clinically significant due to lower urinary tract symptoms ...

    Authors: Claudio de Lucia, Grazia Daniela Femminella, Giuseppe Rengo, Antonio Ruffo, Valentina Parisi, Gennaro Pagano, Daniela Liccardo, Alessandro Cannavo, Paola Iacotucci, Klara Komici, Carmela Zincarelli, Carlo Rengo, Pasquale Perrone-Filardi, Dario Leosco, Fabrizio Iacono, Giuseppe Romeo…
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S35

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  15. Inguinal hernia is one of the most common diseases in the elderly. Treatment of this pathology is exclusively surgical and relies almost always on the use of local anesthesia. While in the past hernia surgery ...

    Authors: Rita Compagna, Gabriele Vigliotti, Tommaso Bianco, Maurizio Amato, Roberto Rossi, Francesca Fappiano, Antonello Accurso, Michele Danzi, Giovanni Aprea and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S30

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  16. With the increase in life expectancy, the incidence of head and neck cancer has grown in the elderly population. Free tissue transfer has become the first choice, among all the reconstructive techniques, in th...

    Authors: Francesco Turrà, Simone La Padula, Sergio Razzano, Paola Bonavolontà, Gisella Nele, Sergio Marlino, Luigi Canta, Pasquale Graziano, Giovanni Dell'Aversana Orabona and Fabrizio Schonauer
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S27

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  17. Old age is associated with comorbidity and decreased functioning which influences treatment decisions in elderly breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for complications...

    Authors: Nicola Rocco, Corrado Rispoli, Gennaro Pagano, Giuseppe Rengo, Rita Compagna, Michele Danzi, Antonello Accurso and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S25

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in BMC Surgery 2015 15:2

  18. Chronic pain after prosthetic inguinal hernioplasty is one of the most important current issues in the current literature debate. Mechanisms related to pain development are only partially known. Influence of a...

    Authors: Marcello Donati, Giovanna Brancato, Angelita Giglio, Antonio Biondi, Francesco Basile and Angelo Donati
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S19

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  19. Overall cancer incidence rates decreased in the most recent time period in both men and women, largely due to improvements in surgical therapeutic approaches (tertiary prevention) and screening programs (secon...

    Authors: Stefania Rametta, Giuseppe Grosso, Fabio Galvano, Antonio Mistretta, Stefano Marventano, Francesca Nolfo, Silvio Buscemi, Santi Gangi, Francesco Basile and Antonio Biondi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S17

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  20. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. People at higher risk are those individuals with a family history of CRC and familial adenomatous polyposis. Prevention and screeni...

    Authors: Francesca Nolfo, Stefania Rametta, Stefano Marventano, Giuseppe Grosso, Antonio Mistretta, Filippo Drago, Santi Gangi, Francesco Basile and Antonio Biondi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S16

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  21. Populations living in the area of the Mediterranean Sea suffered by decreased incidence of cancer compared with those living in the regions of northern Europe and US countries, attributed to healthier dietary ...

    Authors: Giuseppe Grosso, Silvio Buscemi, Fabio Galvano, Antonio Mistretta, Stefano Marventano, Vanessa La Vela, Filippo Drago, Santi Gangi, Francesco Basile and Antonio Biondi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S14

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  22. In this prospective non randomized observational cohort study we haveevaluated the influence of age on outcome of laparoscopic totalfundoplication for GERD.

    Authors: Landino Fei, Gianluca Rossetti, Francesco Moccia, Teresa Marra, Paolo Guadagno, Ludovico Docimo, Marco Cimmino, Vincenzo Napolitano, Giovanni Docimo, Domenico Napoletano, Ludovica Guerriero and Beniamino Pascotto
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S13

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  23. In the late '80s the successes of the laparoscopic surgery for gallbladder disease laid the foundations on the modern use of this surgical technique in a variety of diseases. In the last 20 years, laparoscopic...

    Authors: Antonio Biondi, Giuseppe Grosso, Antonio Mistretta, Stefano Marventano, Chiara Toscano, Filippo Drago, Santi Gangi and Francesco Basile
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S12

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  24. Studies have previously shown laparoscopic antireflux surgery is a safe and effective treatment for GERD even in elderly patients. The aim of the current study was to evaluate patients receiving laparoscopic a...

    Authors: Salvatore Tolone, Giovanni Docimo, Gianmattia Del Genio, Luigi Brusciano, Ignazio Verde, Simona Gili, Chiara Vitiello, Antonio D'Alessandro, Giuseppina Casalino, Francesco Saverio Lucido, Nicola Leone, Raffaele Pirozzi, Roberto Ruggiero and Ludovico Docimo
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S10

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  25. Restorative proctocolectomy with ileopouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the treatment of choice for intractable or complicated ulcerative colitis (UC). Debate exists concerning outcomes of IPAA in the elderly an...

    Authors: Gianluca Pellino, Guido Sciaudone, Giuseppe Candilio, Antonio Camerlingo, Rosa Marcellinaro, Federica Rocco, Serena De Fatico, Silvestro Canonico and Francesco Selvaggi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S9

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  26. Rectovaginal fistulas (RVFs) have multiple causes, size and location on which the surgical treatment depends.

    Authors: Michele Danzi, Fabozzi Massimiliano, Reggio Stefano, Pannullo Mario, Amato Bruno and Grimaldi Luciano
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S7

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  27. Gallstone ileus is a rare cause of gastrointestinal obstruction, more frequent in elderly patients, whose treatment is essentially surgical, although some para-surgical and mini-invasive possibilities exist, a...

    Authors: Danzi Michele, Grimaldi Luciano, Fabozzi Massimiliano, Reggio Stefano, Danzi Roberta, Soscia Ernesto and Amato Bruno
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S6

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  28. Minimal invasive adrenalectomy has become the procedure of choice to treat adrenal tumors with a benign appearance, ≤ 6 cm in diameter and weighing < 100 g. Authors evaluated medium- and long-term outcomes of ...

    Authors: Giovanni Conzo, Daniela Pasquali, Cristina Della Pietra, Salvatore Napolitano, Daniela Esposito, Sergio Iorio, Annamaria De Bellis, Giovanni Docimo, Fausto Ferraro, Luigi Santini and Antonio Agostino Sinisi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S5

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  29. In chronic hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, pathological modifications of bone and mineral metabolism increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Parathyroidectomy, re...

    Authors: Giovanni Conzo, Alessandra F Perna, Vincenzo Savica, Antonietta Palazzo, Cristina Della Pietra, Diego Ingrosso, Ersilia Satta, Giovambattista Capasso, Luigi Santini and Giovanni Docimo
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S4

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  30. The significance of nodal metastases, very common in papillary thyroid cancer, and the role of lymph node dissection in the neoplasm management, are still controversial. The impact of lymph node involvement on...

    Authors: Giovanni Conzo, Giovanni Docimo, Daniela Pasquali, Claudio Mauriello, Claudio Gambardella, Daniela Esposito, Ernesto Tartaglia, Cristina Della Pietra, Salvatore Napolitano, Antonia Rizzuto and Luigi Santini
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S3

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  31. The open Burch colposuspension, first described in 1961 had been widely employed for the surgical treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) caused by urethral hypermobility. We evaluated the lo...

    Authors: Domenico Prezioso, Fabrizio Iacono, Giovanni Di Lauro, Ester Illiano, Giuseppe Romeo, Antonio Ruffo, Nicola Russo and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):2

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in BMC Surgery 2016 16:26

  32. Breast cancer (BC) remains principally a disease of old ages; with 35-50% of cases occurring in women older than 65 years. Even mortality for cancer increases with aging: 19.7% between 65 and 74 years; 22.6% b...

    Authors: Alessandro Cappellani, Maria Di Vita, Antonio Zanghì, Andrea Cavallaro, Gaetano Piccolo, Marcello Majorana, Giuseppina Barbera and Massimiliano Berretta
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):S2

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

  33. The effect of undertreatment with adjuvant hormonal therapy, chemotherapy or radiation was studied in elderly women with breast cancer.

    Authors: Nicola Rocco, Corrado Rispoli, Gennaro Pagano, Silvio Ascione, Rita Compagna, Michele Danzi, Antonello Accurso and Bruno Amato
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13(Suppl 2):1

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 2

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in BMC Surgery 2016 16:25

  34. The safety and efficacy of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) remain to be established. A meta-analysis was undertaken to compare LLR and open liver resection (OLR) for CL...

    Authors: Yanming Zhou, Yaqing Xiao, Lupeng Wu, Bin Li and Hua Li
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13:44
  35. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy has proven superior to adjuvant treatment in reducing the rate of local recurrence without impairing cancer related survival or the incidence of distant metastases. The present st...

    Authors: Leif Schiffmann, Nicole Wedermann, Michael Gock, Friedrich Prall, Gunther Klautke, Rainer Fietkau, Bettina Rau and Ernst Klar
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13:43
  36. The optimal treatment of nonparasitic liver cysts is still a topic of debate. Only symptomatic cysts are being considered as requiring treatment. Aim of this study is to evaluate our experience with this disea...

    Authors: Hubert Scheuerlein, Falk Rauchfuss, Julia Franke, Karin Jandt, Yves Dittmar, Gudrun Trebing and Utz Settmacher
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13:42
  37. Gastric outlet obstruction poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to general surgeons practicing in resource-limited countries. There is a paucity of published data on this subject in our setting. This st...

    Authors: Hyasinta Jaka, Mabula D Mchembe, Peter F Rambau and Phillipo L Chalya
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13:41
  38. Controversy exits over the role of Böhler’s angle in assessing the injury severity of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures and predicting the functional outcome following internal fixation. This study...

    Authors: Yanling Su, Wei Chen, Tao Zhang, Xingwang Wu, Zhanpo Wu and Yingze Zhang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13:40
  39. The sural nerve is the most commonly used nerve for grafting severe nerve defects. Our aim was to evaluate subjective outcome in the lower leg after harvesting the sural nerve for grafting nerve defects.

    Authors: Alexander Hallgren, Anders Björkman, Anette Chemnitz and Lars B Dahlin
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13:39
  40. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) monitoring during the surgical procedure can confirm the removal of all hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue, as the half-life of PTH is approximately 5 min. The commonly applied Irvin...

    Authors: Pietro Giorgio Calò, Giuseppe Pisano, Giulia Loi, Fabio Medas, Lucia Barca, Matteo Atzeni and Angelo Nicolosi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2013 13:36

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