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Table 2 Detailed data of the spatial difference between the pre-operative virtually planned and post-operative actually inserted screws in phantom experiment

From: Does a novel 3D printed individualized guiding template based on cutaneous fiducial markers contribute to accurate percutaneous insertion of pelvic screws? A preliminary phantom and cadaver study

Phase 1: Phantom model

Suprapubic screws

Sacroiliac screws

MLD bony entry point(mm)

MLD screw tip (mm)

MAD (deg)

MLD bony entry point(mm)

MLD screw tip (mm)

MAD (deg)

1

3.4

3.8

1.3

2.8

2.4

1.0

2

3.2

3.6

1.5

2.1

2.0

0.8

3

3.0

3.6

1.4

2.5

3.0

1.2

4

3.2

2.2

0.5

1.9

2.8

1.3

5

3.8

4.6

2.0

2.4

3.2

1.5

  1. Key: MLD – mean longitudinal deviation; MAD – mean angular deviation