Table 1 Patient-histopathological characteristics and perioperative course

Age (years), [median ± SD]

68.50 ± 10.96

Age ≥ 70 years (n; %)

89 (47.34)

Sex (n;%)

 Male/Female

142/46 (75.53/24.47)

BMI (kg/m²), [median ± SD]

25.97 ± 4.38

ASA Score (n; %)

 ASA I/II

64 (34.04)

 ASA III/IV

124 (65.96)

 Hepatitis A (n; %)

20 (10.64)

 Hepatitis B (n; %)

42 (22.34)

 Hepatitis C (n; %)

56 (29.79)

CHILD–Pugh Score (n; %)

 No cirrhosis

22 (11.70)

 A

143 (76.06)

 B

22 (11.70)

 C

1 (0.53)

 Alcohol abuse (n; %)

37 (19.68)

 MELD Score (median ± SD)

8.00 ± 3.52

Co-morbidities (n; %)

 Cardiac

65 (34.57)

 Pulmonary

43 (22.87)

 Renal

27 (14.36)

 Diabetes mellitus

64 (34.04)

 Tumor diameter (mm), [median ± SD]

45.00 ± 48.48

 Single lesion (n; %)

111 (59.04)

 Multiple lesions (n; %)

77 (40.96)

 Unilobular lesion(s) (n; %)

134 (71.28)

 Bilobular lesions (n; %)

54 (28.72)

Pathology (n;%)

 T-stage

  I/II

149 (79.26)

  III/IV

39 (20.74)

 M-stage

  M0

183 (97.34)

  M1

5 (2.66)

 Grade

  I/II

157 (83.51)

  III/IV

31 (16.49)

 L-Stage

  L0

178 (94.68)

  L1

10 (5.32)

 V-Stage

  V0

156 (82.98)

  V1 (micro)

29 (15.43)

  V2 (macro)

3 (1.60)

 UICC-Stage

  I

111 (59.04)

  II

43 (22.87)

  III

28 (14.89)

  IV

6 (3.19)

 Resection margin

  R < 0.1 cm

33 (17.55)

  R ≥ 0.1 cm

155 (82.45)

  R < 0.5 cm

72 (38.30)

  R ≥ 0.5 cm

116 (61.70)

Operative data

 ISLT/PVE (n; %)

15 (7.98)

 Resected segments (n), [median ± SD]

2.00 ± 1.37

 Segments ≥ 3 (n; %)

83 (44.15)

 Biliary reconstruction (n; %)

14 (7.45)

 T-Drain (n; %)

38 (20.21)

 Intraoperative transfusion (n; %)

74 (39.36)

 Operative time (min), [median ± SD]

307.00 ± 135.04

 Blood units (BU), [median ± SD]

0.00 ± 9.69

Postoperative outcome (n; %)

 Bile leakage

20 (10.64)

 Intra-abdominal abscess

14 (7.45)

 Cholangitis

13 (6.91)

 ISGLS B/C

58 (30.85)

 Wound infection

24 (12.77)

 Sepsis

19 (10.11)

 Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3a

73 (38.83)