Table 3 Results of the univariate regression models
Category | Variable | Sub variable | Hazard Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic | Sex | Female | 1.08 | 0.85–1.36 | 0.549 |
Age | 1.02 | 1.00-1.03 | 0.010 | ||
ASA score | 1.39 | 1.11–1.73 | 0.004 | ||
Body mass index | 0.98 | 0.95–1.01 | 0.254 | ||
Charlson Comorbidity index | 1.18 | 1.06–1.18 | 7.26 × 10− 5 | ||
Smoking | Current smoker | 0.96 | 0.73–1.25 | 0.758 | |
Alcohol | 1–21 drinks/week | 0.72 | 0.35–1.48 | 0.369 | |
> 21 drinks/week | 0.73 | 0.53–0.99 | 0.046 | ||
Perioperative | Procedure time | 0.99 | 0.99–0.99 | 0.013 | |
Epidural analgesia | 0.76 | 0.58–0.99 | 0.045 | ||
Type of anesthesia§ | Intravenous and inhalation | 0.64 | 0.50–0.82 | 0.002 | |
Perioperative blood transfusion | 1.69 | 0.45–0.79 | 3.55 × 10− 4 | ||
Tumor related | Preoperative chemotherapy | 0.88 | 0.57–1.35 | 0.564 | |
Postoperative chemotherapy | 0.58 | 0.44–0.76 | 3.00 × 10− 4 | ||
Type of resection* | Total Pancreatectomy, TP | 1.21 | 0.79–1.86 | 0.584 | |
Pancreaticoduodenectomy, PD | 1.28 | 0.54–2.99 | 0.575 | ||
Tumor T stage# | T2 | 4.23 | 1.66–10.78 | 0.003 | |
T3 | 4.08 | 1.97–11.70 | 0.001 | ||
T4 | 3.11 | 0.90-10.75 | 0.083 | ||
Tumor N stage** | N1 | 2.23 | 1.58–3.16 | 6.11 × 10− 6 | |
N2 | 2.09 | 1.26–3.47 | 0.004 | ||
Resection margin | R1 | 1.44 | 1.08–1.92 | 0.014 |