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Fig. 7 | BMC Surgery

Fig. 7

From: Contralateral translaminar endoscopic approach for highly down-migrated lumbar disc herniation using percutaneous biportal endoscopic surgery

Fig. 7

Intraoperative endoscopic images of right approach. (a) Intraoperative endoscopic images of right approach. After making keyhole, central fissure of ligamentum flavum was identified at first. (b) The contralateral translaminar portal was established. (c) Exposed contralateral migrated nucleus pulposus tissue. (d) Removal of ruptured disc material can be performed safely using specialized hand-made retractor with pituitary forceps during retraction of traversing nerve root. (e) The axilla and shoulder of the contralateral nerve root was decompressed. (f) A drain was inserted into the working portal

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BMC Surgery

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