Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of OS rates after PSM

Age, years

 <62

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

 62–77

3.638 (3.18—4.162)

< 0.001

3.576 (3.124—4.093)

< 0.001

 >77

9.807 (8.624—11.151)

< 0.001

10.165 (8.931—11.569)

< 0.001

Race

 Black

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

 White

1.054 (0.938—1.183)

0.376

0.84 (0.745—0.946)

0.004

 Others

0.688 (0.574—0.823)

< 0.001

0.681 (0.567—0.818)

< 0.001

Sex

 Female

Reference

Reference

 Male

1.386 (1.275—1.506)

< 0.001

1.446 (1.33—1.572)

< 0.001

Behavior recode

 Benign

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

 Borderline malignancy

1.523 (1.173—1.976)

0.002

1.286 (0.99—1.67)

0.059

 Malignant

1.661 (1.306—2.114)

< 0.001

1.641 (1.289—2.09)

< 0.001

Tumor size

 <20 mm

Reference

Reference

0.224

 20-62 mm

1.215 (1.002—1.473)

< 0.013

1.204 (0.992—1.461)

0.06

 > 62 mm

1.323 (0.894—1.956)

< 0.001

1.277 (0.862—1.89)

0.222

 unknown

1.174 (1.011—1.364)

0.002

1.152 (0.99—1.342)

0.067

Income

 < $50,000

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

 $50,000 - $59,999

0.888 (0.78—1.011)

0.073

0.883 (0.769—1.015)

0.08

 $60,000 - $70,000

0.921 (0.825—1.027)

0.139

0.907 (0.797—1.033)

0.142

 > $70,000

0.804 (0.724—0.893)

< 0.001

0.775 (0.682—0.882)

< 0.001

Rural/Urban

 Rural

Reference

Reference

 Urban

0.968 (0.875—1.07)

0.525

1.062 (0.936—1.204)

0.352

Surgical

 Surgical Compliance

Reference

Reference

 Surgical Noncompliance

1.469 (1.357—1.59)

< 0.001

1.56 (1.441—1.689)

< 0.001