Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the developing and validation cohorts

Total

629

553

Age, ≤ 65/>65 (years)

308/321

267/286

0.814

Sex, male/female

387/242

337/216

0.837

Tumor location, head/neck/uncinate, body/tail

388/241

355/198

0.373

CA19-9, < 37/≥37 U/mL

177/452

127/426

0.563

T stage, T1/2/3

129/338/162

114/307/132

0.743

N stage, N0/1/2

182/294/153

203/203/147

0.612

TNM stage, I/II/III

144/332/153

159/247/147

0.635

PNI, with/without

599/30

515/38

0.121

LVI, with/without

90/539

98/455

0.109

R status, R0/R1

503/126

411/142

0.597

Grade, G1/2/3/4

72/426/123/8

65/374/105/9

0.954

Grade, G1-2/3–4

496/133

437/116

0.944

Ki-67, < 40%/≥40%

230/399

157/396

0.002

G-Ki67, I/II/III

200/296/133

128/309/116

0.002

Adjuvant therapy, with/without

356/273

329/224

0.314