Table 1 Results of single factor analysis
Variables | Total (n = 345) | Training cohort (n = 257) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Training set (n = 257) | Validation set (n = 88) | P-value* | No bowel resection (n = 216) | Bowel resection (n = 41) | P-value* | ||
Sex | 0.099 | 0.004* | |||||
Male | 191(74.32%) | 73(82.95%) | 168(77.78%) | 23(56.10%) | |||
Female | 66(25.68%) | 15(17.05%) | 48(22.22%) | 18(43.90%) | |||
History of incarceration | 0.041* | 0.516 | |||||
Without | 242(94.16%) | 77(87.50%) | 202(93.52%) | 40(97.56%) | |||
With | 15(5.84%) | 11(12.50%) | 14(6.48%) | 1(2.44%) | |||
Recurrent hernia | 0.109 | 0.804 | |||||
Nonrecurrent | 239(93.00%) | 77(87.50%) | 200(92.59%) | 39(95.12%) | |||
Recurrent | 18(7.00%) | 11(12.50%) | 16(7.41%) | 2(4.88%) | |||
Bowel obstruction | 0.731 | <0.001* | |||||
Without | 179(69.65%) | 63(71.59%) | 170(78.70%) | 9(21.95%) | |||
With | 78(30.35%) | 25(28.41%) | 46(21.30%) | 32(78.05%) | |||
Peritonitis | 0.997 | <0.001* | |||||
Without | 222(86.38%) | 76(86.36%) | 205(94.91%) | 17(41.46%) | |||
With | 35(13.62%) | 12(86.36%) | 11(5.09%) | 24(58.54%) | |||
Hernia type(Insertion side) | 0.073 | 0.433 | |||||
Indirect | 182(70.82%) | 74(84.09%) | 153(70.83%) | 29(70.73%) | |||
Direct | 44(17.12%) | 9(10.23%) | 39(18.06%) | 5(12.20%) | |||
Femoral | 31(12.06%) | 6(6.82%) | 24(11.11%) | 7(17.07%) | |||
Smoking history | 0.632 | 0.099 | |||||
Without | 186(72.37%) | 66(75.00%) | 152(70.37%) | 34(82.93%) | |||
With | 71(27.63%) | 22(25.00%) | 64(29.63%) | 7(17.07%) | |||
History of alcohol consumption | 0.654 | 0.271 | |||||
Without | 210(81.71%) | 70(79.55%) | 174(80.56%) | 36(87.80%) | |||
With | 47(18.29%) | 18(20.45%) | 42(19.44%) | 5(12.20%) | |||
History of increased intra-abdominal pressure disease | 0.105 | 0.772 | |||||
Without | 223(86.77%) | 82(93.18%) | 188(87.04%) | 35(85.37%) | |||
With | 34(13.23%) | 6(6.82%) | 28(12.96%) | 6(14.63%) | |||
Hypertension | 0.677 | 0.064 | |||||
Without | 187(72.76%) | 62(70.45%) | 162(75.00%) | 25(60.98%) | |||
With | 70(27.24%) | 26(29.55%) | 54(25.00%) | 16(39.02%) | |||
Diabetes | 0.851 | 0.516 | |||||
Without | 242(94.16%) | 84(95.45%) | 202(93.52%) | 40(97.56%) | |||
With | 15(5.84%) | 4(4.55%) | 14(6.48%) | 1(2.44%) | |||
hyperlipidemia | 0.503 | 1.000 | |||||
Without | 245(95.33%) | 86(97.73%) | 206(95.37%) | 39(95.12%) | |||
With | 12(4.67%) | 2(2.27%) | 10(4.63%) | 2(4.88%) | |||
Cerebral infarction | 0.914 | 0.772 | |||||
Without | 226(87.94%) | 77(87.50%) | 191(88.43%) | 35(85.37%) | |||
With | 31(12.06%) | 11(12.50%) | 25(11.57%) | 6(14.63%) | |||
Heart Disease | <0.001* | 0.250 | |||||
Without | 188(73.15%) | 85(96.59%) | 161(74.54%) | 27(65.85%) | |||
With | 69(26.85%) | 3(3.41%) | 55(25.46%) | 14(34.15%) | |||
Cancer | 1.000 | 1.000 | |||||
Without | 253(98.44%) | 86(97.73%) | 213(98.61%) | 40(97.56%) | |||
With | 4(1.56%) | 2(2.27%) | 3(1.39%) | 1(2.44%) | |||
COPD | 0.023* | 0.225 | |||||
Without | 227(88.33%) | 85(96.59%) | 188(87.04%) | 39(95.12%) | |||
With | 30(11.67%) | 3(3.41%) | 28(12.96%) | 2(4.88%) | |||
Age (years), mean ± SD | 65.00(54.00–78.00) | 70.00 (51.00–78.00) | 0.652 | 63.00(53.00–77.00) | 77.00(64.00–80.00) | 0.002* | |
Heart rate (beats/min), mean ± SD | 78.00(74.00–80.00) | 80.00(72.50-83.75) | 0.282 | 78.00(74.00–80.00) | 78.00(70.50–78.00) | 0.009* | |
Duration of hernia (years), mean ± SD | 2.00(0.16-10.00) | 3.00 (0.20-8.00) | 0.526 | 2.00(0.16–9.75) | 2.00(0.07-10.00) | 0.632 | |
Duration of incarcerated hernia(hour), mean ± SD | 12.00(3.00–24.00) | 10.00(5.00–24.00) | 0.840 | 7.50(3.00–24.00) | 48.00(18.00–72.00) | <0.001* | |
Length of stay (days), mean ± SD | 7.00(4.00–10.00) | 9.00(6.00–12.00) | 0.002* | 6.00(4.00–9.00) | 14.00(10.50–17.50) | <0.001* | |
Number of deliveries in female patients, mean ± SD | 2.00(1.75-3.00) | 2.00(1.00–4.00) | 0.417 | 2.00(1.00–2.00) | 3.00(2.00–5.00) | 0.003* | |
Hernia sac volume(cm3), mean ± SD | 60.00(29.19–192.00) | 90.00(48.00-198.00) | 0.117 | 40.76(22.11-112.47) | 101.52(31.82–432.00) | 0.092 | |
Inner ring mouth inner diameter, mean ± SD | 1.50(1.00–2.00) | 1.20(0.80–1.78) | 0.003* | 1.50(1.00-2.18) | 1.20(0.83–1.85) | 0.068 | |
Hernia sac volume/hernia ring inner diameter, mean ± SD | 45.00(22.99-134.06) | 92.33(33.18-180.47) | 0.006* | 40.76(22.11-112.47) | 93.53(30.24-221.77) | 0.015* | |
White blood cell count (×109/L), mean ± SD | 7.44(5.63–9.68) | 7.80(6.11–10.96) | 0.232 | 7.28(5.53–9.37) | 9.13(7.10-13.08) | <0.001* | |
Neutrophilic leukocyte count (×109/L), mean ± SD | 5.40 (3.78–8.04) | 1.14(0.83–1.68) | <0.001* | 5.13(3.61–7.75) | 7.63(5.31–11.17) | <0.001* | |
Lymphocyte count (×109/L), mean ± SD | 1.13(0.71–1.58) | 5.95(4.08–8.70) | <0.001* | 1.20(0.77–1.68) | 0.80(0.53–1.12) | <0.001* | |
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR), mean ± SD | 5.31(2.75–9.67) | 5.83(2.86–9.38) | 0.690 | 4.53(2.47–8.53) | 9.54(6.08–15.22) | <0.001* | |
Preoperative total protein, mean ± SD | 64.02 ± 8.85 | 63.96 ± 9.34 | 0.950 | 65.43 ± 8.11 | 56.59 ± 8.95 | <0.001* | |