Fig. 1

Schematic diagram of LESS surgical approaches A and B. Surgical Approach A: A. The instruments (channels 2, 3, and 4) are all placed on the left side of the video laparoscope (channel 1) through a single-hole cannula trocar device (B. The first surgeon kept the strength and angle of the shoulders (white arrow) and arms to help the wrists (orange arrow) and fingers adjust the operating position. C. The first surgeon’s right hand should remain tight and powerful to hold the instrument to grasp the target tissue. Surgical Approach B: D. The instruments (channels 1, 3, 4) are placed on both sides of the video laparoscope (channel 2) through a single-hole cannula trocar device (E.); The first surgeon should form a sufficient cross triangle angle with both hands (white arrow). F. The first surgeon should open arms and hands (white arrow) to perform the operation to obtain more space. C. F. Marker No. 1–3 on the hand represents the corresponding operation channel on the single-hole cannula trocar device. Instruments in A. and B: 30-degree video laparoscope (yellow), dissecting forceps (blue), monopolar scissors (green), channel (purple round), trocar device (black frame)