Table 2 Comparison of Postoperative Conditions between NOSES group and TRSE group

Operative time, mean (SD), min

143.33 ± 30.71

166.50 ± 30.28

< 0.001

Estimated blood loss, mean (SD), ml

106.67 ± 61.93

133.80 ± 62.33

0.060

1st flatus, mean (SD), hour

58.48 ± 4.56

66.70 ± 6.69

< 0.001

1st motion, mean (SD), hour

23.6 ± 1.8

30.58 ± 3.16

< 0.001

1st oral feeding, mean (SD), hour

74.48 ± 3.9

74.2 ± 3.9

0.746

abdominal incision, mean (SD), cm

4.9 ± 0.2

11.9 ± 0.6

< 0.001

Postoperative hospital stay, mean (SD), d

11.78 ± 7.31

10.74 ± 5.80

0.470

Harvested lymph nodes, n (%)

0.283

≤ 12

10(30.3)

10(20)

>12

23(69.7)

40(80)

Postoperative complication, n (%)

9(27.3)

11(22)

0.583

Anastomotic leakage

4(12.13)

3(6)

Ileus

0

1(2)

Wound-related

0

2(4)

Urinary retention or infection

1(3.03)

1(2)

Pulmonary infection

2(6.06)

2(4)

Others

2(6.06)

2(4)