| Training set N = 180  N (col%) | Validation set N = 366  N (col%) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
CR-POPF | Â | Â | 0.634 |
Present | 60 (33) | 130 (36) | Â |
Absent | 120 (67) | 236 (64) | Â |
Male sex | 107 (59) | 225 (61) | 0.709 |
Age, median (range), years | 69 (45–87) | 70 (21–86) | 0.891 |
BMI, median (range) | 22.3 (15.4–33.9) | 21.7 (12.5–36.2) | 0.189 |
VFA (cm2) | 90.0 (7.2–303.0) |  |  |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.0 (2.4-5.0) | 3.8 (2.3–4.9) | < 0.001 |
PNI | 47.7 (29.2–61.8) | 45.7 (29.1–60.7) | < 0.001 |
Parenchymal thickness (mm) | 13.0 (5.0–24.0) | 11.9 (4.5–31.7) | 0.0007 |
MPD size (mm) | 4.0 (2.0–15.0) | 3.95 (1.0-25.9) | 0.023 |
MPD index | 0.33 (0.11–0.92) | 0.34 (0.07-1.00) | 0.592 |
Diabetes mellitus | Â | Â | 0.636 |
Yes | 62 (34) | 134 (37) | Â |
No | 118 (66) | 232 (63) | Â |
CONUT score | Â | Â | 0.096 |
≥3 | 56 (31) | 117 (39) |  |
<3 | 124 (69) | 185 (61) | Â |
Preoperative biliary drainage | Â | Â | 0.579 |
Yes | 76 (42) | 145 (40) | Â |
No | 104 (58) | 221 (60) | Â |
Sarcopenia | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 96 (53) | Â | Â |
No | 84 (47) | Â | Â |
Preoperative diagnosis | Â | Â | 0.0004 |
PDAC | 84 (47) | 137 (37) | Â |
Ampullary carcinoma | 29 (16) | 28 (8) | Â |
Cholangiocarcinoma | 21 (12) | 61 (17) | Â |
IPMN | 22 (12) | 85 (23) | Â |
Others | 24 (13) | 55 (15) | Â |
Preoperative radiation |  |  | < 0.0001 |
Yes | 5 (3) | 60 (16) | Â |
No | 175 (97) | 306 (84) | Â |
Pancreatic-enteric anastomosis |  |  | < 0.001 |
Pancreaticojejunostomy | 180 (100) | 335 (91) | Â |
Pancreaticogastrostomy | 0 (0) | 31 (9) | Â |
Operation time (minutes) | 524 (325–1080) | 520 (285–1121) | 0.292 |
Blood loss (mL) | 590 | 600 | 0.449 |
 | (70-7806) | (10-16070) |  |
In-hospital mortality | 3 (1.7) | 2 (0.6) | 0.338 |