Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients who underwent curative ESD or Surgery

Age, years

Mean ± SD

68.4 ± 8.3

67.2 ± 10.2

0.467

Sex, n%

0.433

 Male

111

55 (82)

56 (77)

 Female

29

12 (18)

17 (24)

Underlying disease, n (%)

 Hypertension

51

28 (42)

23 (32)

0.207

 Diabetes mellitus

11

8 (12)

3 (4)

0.085

 Cardiac diseases

12

5 (8)

7 (10)

0.653

 Cerebral diseases

4

2 (3)

2 (3)

1.000

 Liver cirrhosis

5

3 (5)

2 (3)

0.580

 Chronic kidney disease

0

0 (0)

0 (0)

0

Location (a) n (%)

0.648

 Upper

45

21 (31)

24 (33)

 Middle

29

12 (18)

17 (23)

 Lower

66

34 (51)

32 (44)

Location (b) n (%)

0.831

 Upper

28

12 (18)

16 (22)

 Middle

40

20 (30)

20 (27)

 Lower

72

35 (52)

37 (51)

Lesion a size, mm

 Median (IQR)

1.7 (1.2–2.4)

1.5 (0.6–2.5)

0.466

Lesion b size, mm

1.0 (0.6–1.5)

1.0 (0.3-2.0)

0.482

Lesion a size, mm

0.397

 <2 cm

89

45 (67)

44 (60)

 >=2 cm

51

22 (33)

29 (40)

Lesion b size, mm

0.035

 <2 cm

113

59 (88)

54 (74)

 >=2 cm

27

8 (12)

19 (26)

Histology a, n (%)

< 0.001

 Differentiated type

81

43 (64)

38 (52)

 Undifferentiated type

22

4 (6)

18 (25)

 Mixed type

9

9 (13)

17 (23)

 Dysplasia¹

28

11 (17)

0 (0)

Histology b, n (%)

< 0.001

 Differentiated type

65

33 (49)

32 (44)

 Undifferentiated type

19

4 (6)

15 (20)

 Mixed type

10

0 (0)

10 (14)

 Dysplasia¹

46

30 (45)

16 (22)

Ulcer

33

5 (7)

28 (38)

< 0.001

Depth of invasion a, n (%)

0.007

 Mucosa

107

58 (87)

49 (67)

 Submucosa

33

9 (13)

24 (33)

Recurrence n (%)

 Any recurrence

9

8 (12)

1 (1)

0.014

 Synchronous n (%)

4

4 (6)

0 (0)

0.018

 Metachronous n (%)

5

4 (6)

1 (1)

Family history of gastric cancer, n (%)

34

15 (22)

19 (26)

0.616

Adverse event

12

1 (2)

11(15)

0.004

Death, n (%)

3

1 (2)

2 (3)

1.000