Table 1 Baseline characteristics comparison between groups

Sex, n (%)

0.16

 Male

103 (42.041)

97 (43.694)

6 (26.087)

 Female

142 (57.959)

125 (56.306)

17 (73.913)

Age, Median (Q1,Q3^a)

74 (65,80)

74 (64.25,80.00)

76 (65.5,80.5)

0.85

Obstruction site, n (%)

0.05

 Low obstruction

198 (80.816)

183 (82.432)

15 (65.217)

 High obstruction

47 (19.184)

39 (17.568)

8 (34.783)

Stent placement, n (%)

1

 One-stent placement

233 (95.102)

211 (95.045)

22 (95.652)

 Two-stent placements

12 (4.898)

11 (4.955)

1 (4.348)

Lymph node metastasis, n (%)

0.02

 No

135 (55.102)

128 (57.658)

7 (30.435)

 Yes

110 (44.898)

94 (42.342)

16 (69.565)

Distant metastasis, n (%)

 < 0.01

 No

158 (64.490)

151 (68.018)

7 (30.435)

 Yes

87 (35.510)

71 (31.982)

16 (69.565)

Cholangitis before stent insertion, n (%)

1

 No

200 (81.633)

181 (81.532)

19 (82.609)

 Yes

45 (18.367)

41 (18.468)

4 (17.391)

Post-ERCP complications, n (%)

 < 0.01

 No

177 (72.245)

168 (75.676)

9 (39.130)

 Yes

68 (27.755)

54 (24.324)

14 (60.870)

Child–Pugh class, n (%)

0.04

 A or B

223 (91.020)

205 (92.342)

18 (78.261)

 C

22 (8.980)

17 (7.658)

5 (21.739)

Type of malignancy, n (%)

0.12

 Gallbladder cancer

119 (48.571)

111 (50.000)

8 (34.783)

 Cholangiocarcinoma

24 (9.796)

21 (9.459)

3 (13.043)

 Ampullary cancer

63 (25.714)

56 (25.225)

7 (30.435)

 Other

24 (9.796)

23 (10.360)

1 (4.348)

 Pancreatic cancer

15 (6.122)

11 (4.955)

4 (17.391)

Ascites, n (%)

0.04

 No

168 (68.571)

157 (70.721)

11 (47.826)

 Yes

77 (31.429)

65 (29.279)

12 (52.174)

White blood cell count (10⁹/L), Median (Q1,Q3)

6 (4.5,7.5)

5.93 (4.46,7.27)

7.6 (5.46,9.16)

 < 0.01

Red blood cell count (10¹²/L), Mean ± SD

3.584 ± 0.605

3.604 ± 0.599

3.384 ± 0.642

0.13

Hemoglobin (g/L), Mean ± SD

110.429 ± 17.702

111.05 ± 17.361

104.435 ± 20.149

0.14

Platelet (10⁹/L), Median (Q1,Q3)

187 (138,247)

187.5 (139,248)

158 (125.5,195.5)

0.16

TB (mg/dL), Median (Q1,Q3)

201.4 (113.0,288.2)

185.55 (108.90,276.32)

307.5 (239.40,381.05)

 < 0.01

ALT (u/L), Median (Q1,Q3)

85 (46,149)

87.5(48.25,153.50)

74 (34.5,109.0)

0.07

AST (u/L), Median (Q1,Q3)

89 (52,145)

88.5 (53.00,144.75)

90 (52,149)

0.99

Albumin (g/L), Mean ± SD

34.59 ± 5.242

34.904 ± 5.16

31.557 ± 5.165

 < 0.01

Creatinine (μmoI/L), Median (Q1,Q3)

64.8 (55.4,78.6)

64.1(55.25,76.58)

69.5 (61.55,89.00)

0.1

PT (s), Median (Q1,Q3)

13.8 (13.0,14.7)

13.7 (12.83,14.50)

14.4(13.85,16.35)

 < 0.01

Successful drainage^b, n (%)

 < 0.01

 No

114 (46.531)

94 (42.342)

20 (86.957)

 Yes

131 (53.469)

128 (57.658)

3 (13.043)