Table 3 Different studies reporting on functional outcomes of comminuted patella fractures

Case (n)

9

13

30

16

38

25

35

Fracture type ( AO/OTA

classification)

34-C3

12 cases: 34-C3;

One case: 34-C1

25 cases 34-C3;

5 cases 34-C2

No mention

28 cases: 34-C3;

10 cases: 34-C2

6 cases: 34-C3;

19 cases: 34-C2

34-C3

Closed fractures (n)

9

11

27

16

38

25

35

Fixation method

Low profile mesh plate

Headless compression screws with additional separate vertical wiring

Miniplate augmented tension-band wiring (TBW)

A miniature plate with a tension band wire

Modified cerclage wiring

Modified anterior ellipsoidal

cap titanium cable tension band

suture reduction combined with the modified Kirschner-wire tension band

follow-up (months)

19.6 (12–33)

16 (12–25)

20 (12–28)

15.6 (12–20)

16.1 (6–36)

25 (17–39)

35.7 (6–64)

Surgical time (minutes)

69 (55–90 )

No mention

71.1 (60–79)

No mention

66.4 (55–80)

No mention

63.6 (45–105)

Postoperative complications

One case superficial wound issues; One case deep venous thrombosis (DVT)

Four cases thigh

muscle wasting; Three cases mild anterior knee pain; Six cases removal of hardware

One case postoperative infection;

Four cases implant removal;

Four cases flexion contracture;

Three cases extension lag

No

No

Two cases minor complications (soft

tissue irritation, cellulitis)

One case limited flexion;

One case knee stiffness; Two cases anterior knee pain; Two cases K-wires migration

Range of motion (ROM)

Eight cases: full range of knee flexion/extension;

One case:Extension:-10 degrees, flexion: 90 degrees

134.2 degrees (120–145)

120 degrees (110–130)

All cases: full range

of knee flexion/extension

130 degrees (110–140)

No mention

122 degrees (60–135)

Knee function score

Lysholm score: 89.1(82–95);

Böstman scale: 27.2(22–30).

Lysholm score: 94.4 (84–100);

Böstman scale: 28.7 (25–30)

Lysholm score: 94.3 (82–100);

Böstman scale:28.6(26–30)

Lysholm score: 91.6(84–97);

Böstman scale: 26.4(22–30)

Böstman scale: 28.7 (20–30)

Böstman scale: 27.3 (23–30)

Lysholm score: 91.8(65–100);

Böstman scale: 27.6(13–30).