Table 2 Bivariate analysis of association between testicular salvageability and the independent variables
Characteristic | Salvaged N = 16 n (%) | Orchiectomy N = 25 n (%) | Bivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cOR | 95% CI | P value | |||
WHO Age category | |||||
0–16 | 7(17.1) | 15(36.6) | Ref | ||
17–30 | 8(19.5) | 7(17.1) | 0.408 | 0.105–1.582 | 0.195 |
30–45 | 1(2.4) | 3(7.3) | 1.400 | 0.123–15.974 | 0.786 |
Residence | |||||
Rural | 11(26.8) | 19(46.3) | 1.439 | 0.355–5.837 | 0.610 |
Urban | 5(12.2) | 6(14.6) | Ref | ||
Education level | |||||
Non-Formal | 9(22.0) | 11(26.8) | 1.222 | 0.291–5.128 | 0.784 |
Primary | 1(2.4) | 8(19.5) | 8.000 | 0.750-85.313 | 0.085 |
Post Primary | 6(14.6) | 6(14.6) | Ref | ||
Monthly income | |||||
< 500,000 | 7(17.1) | 12(29.3) | 0.843 | 0.239–2.975 | 0.790 |
500,000- 1 M | 9(22.0) | 13(31.7) | Ref | ||
Time to presentation (in hours) | |||||
0–12 | 11(26.8) | 2(4.9) | Ref | ||
13–24 | 1(2.4) | 2(4.9) | 11.000 | 0.646-187.166 | 0.097 |
25–48 | 1(2.4) | 2(4.9) | 11.000 | 0.646-187.166 | 0.097 |
> 48 | 3(7.3) | 19(46.3) | 34.833 | 5.020-241.711 | < 0.001 |
Referred from health facility | |||||
Yes | 6(14.6) | 13(31.7) | 1.806 | 0.502–6.498 | 0.366 |
No | 10(24.4) | 12(29.3) | Ref | ||
Referred from an academic institution | |||||
Yes | 7(17.10 | 11(26.8) | 1.010 | 0.285–3.578 | 0.987 |
No | 9(22.0) | 14(34.1) | Ref | ||
From Home | |||||
Yes | 5(12.2) | 8(19.5) | 1.035 | 0.268–3.995 | 0.960 |
No | 11(26.8) | 17(41.5) | Ref | ||
Scrotal swelling | |||||
Yes | 15(36.6) | 23(56.1) | 0.767 | 0.064–9.220 | 0.834 |
No | 1(2.4) | 2(4.9) | Ref | ||
Nausea/Vomiting | |||||
Yes | 15(36.6) | 20(48.8) | 0.267 | 0.028–2.527 | 0.249 |
No | 1(2.4) | 5(12.2) | Ref | ||
Loss of Cremasteric reflex | |||||
Yes | 8(19.5) | 20(48.8) | 4.000 | 1.000-15.994 | 0.050 |
No | 8(19.5) | 5(12.2) | Ref | ||
Trauma history | |||||
Yes | 7(17.1) | 9(22.0) | 0.723 | 0.201–2.605 | 0.620 |
No | 9(22.0) | 16(39.0) | Ref | ||
Fever history | |||||
Yes | 4(9.8) | 6(14.6) | 0.947 | 0.221–4.067 | 0.942 |
No | 12(29.3) | 19(46.3) | Ref | ||
Hypertension | |||||
Yes | 1(2.4) | 3(7.3) | 2.045 | 0.194–21.586 | 0.552 |
No | 15(36.6) | 22(53.7) | Ref | ||
Tachycardia | |||||
Yes | 1(2.4) | 11(26.8) | 11.786 | 1.342-103.515 | 0.026 |
No | 15(36.6) | 14(34.1) | Ref | ||
Tachypnea | |||||
Yes | 10(24.4) | 13(31.7) | 0.650 | 0.181–2.339 | 0.510 |
No | 6(14.6) | 12(29.3) | Ref | ||
Other symptoms | |||||
None | 7(17.1) | 9(22.0) | Ref | ||
Dysuria | 4(9.8) | 5(12.2) | 0.972 | 0.188–5.034 | 0.973 |
Others | 5(12.2) | 11(26.8) | 1.711 | 0.403–7.271 | 0.467 |
Compromised blood supply on Doppler | |||||
Yes | 7(17.10 | 11(26.8) | 1.010 | 0.285–3.578 | 0.987 |
No | 9(22.0) | 14(34.1) | Ref | ||
Urinalysis | |||||
Normal | 10(24.4) | 17(41.5) | Ref | ||
Abnormal | 6(14.6) | 8(19.5) | 0.784 | 0.210–2.923 | 0.717 |
Anemia | |||||
Yes | 7(17.1) | 15(36.6) | 1.929 | 0.541–6.875 | 0.311 |
No | 9(22.0) | 10(24.4) | Ref | ||
TWIST Score | |||||
2–4 | 3(7.3) | 1(2.4) | Ref | ||
> 4 | 13(31.7) | 24(58.5) | 5.538 | 0.522–58.756 | 0.155 |