Table 1 Patients’ characteristics in entire cohort

Patient-related factors

 Age (years)

72.20 ± 11.52

66.65 ± 11.52

0.2225

 Sex (male/female)

12/3

21/5

0.9523

 BMI (kg/m²)

24.25 ± 4.09

23.42 ± 3.16

0.3299

Comorbidities

 Stroke (no/yes)

12/3

24/2

0.2460

 Renal failure (no/yes)

15/0

26/0

N.S

 Liver cirrhosis (no/yes)

15/0

25/1

0.4419

 Cardiac disease (no/yes)

15/0

24/2

0.2703

 Pulmonary disease (no/yes)

15/0

26/0

N.S

 Diabetes mellitus (no/yes)

15/0

25/1

0.4419

Tumor-related factors

 pT (1/2/3/4)

5/3/5/2

17/3/5/1

0.2375

 pN (0/1/2/3)

13/1/1

20/3/3

0.7501

 fStage (I/II/III)

8/6/1

18/6/2

0.5159

 Lymphatic invasion (− / +)

9/6

16/10

0.9225

 Venous invasion (− / +)

7/8

14/12

0.6578

 CEA (< 5/ ≥ 5 ng/mL)

14/1

25/1

0.6863

 CA19-9 (< 37/ ≥ 37 IU/mL)

14/1

25/1

0.6863

Treatment-related factors

 Procedure (TG/PG)

13/2

18/8

0.2105

 Reconstruction

0.2453

 Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy

13

18

 mSOFY

2

2

 Kamikawa flap

0

2

 Esophagogastrostomy (circular)

0

4

 Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (no/yes)

1/14

0/26

0.1826

 Adjuvant chemotherapy (no/yes)

12/3

23/3

0.4603