Table 4 The risk factors for any postoperative complication occurrence

Group

0.001

ERAS

118 (53.4%)

32 (33%)

1 reference

1 reference

1 reference

Non-ERAS

103 (46.6%)

65 (67%)

2.33 (1.41–3.83, p < .001)

2.51 (1.30–4.84, p = .006)

2.58 (1.37–4.89, p = .004)

Age at diagnosis

53.9 (10.4)

57.5 (10.3)

0.004

1.04 (1.01–1.06, p = .004)

1.03 (1.00-1.07, p = .029)

1.04 (1.01–1.07, p = .014)

Sex

< 0.001

Female

64 (29.0%)

8 (8.25%)

1 reference

1 reference

1 reference

Male

157 (71.0%)

89 (91.8%)

4.54 (2.08–9.89, p < .001)

3.91 (1.36–11.26, p = .011)

4.30 (1.65–11.23, p = .003)

BMI

23.0 [20.9;24.8]

23.4 [21.7;25.4]

0.175

1.06 (0.98–1.15, p = .133)

Education level

0.526

No school/primary education

58 (26.2%)

21 (21.6%)

1 reference

Middle Education

69 (31.2%)

37 (38.1%)

1.48 (0.78–2.81, p = .229)

High education

46 (20.8%)

22 (22.7%)

1.32 (0.65–2.69, p = .444)

University education

48 (21.7%)

17 (17.5%)

0.98 (0.46–2.06, p = .954)

Comorbidity

0.044

No

196 (88.7%)

77 (79.4%)

1 reference

1 reference

Yes

25 (11.3%)

20 (20.6%)

2.04 (1.07–3.88, p = .030)

1.40 (0.59–3.32, p = .439)

Chronic smoking

0.498

No

169 (76.5%)

70 (72.2%)

1 reference

Yes

52 (23.5%)

27 (27.8%)

1.25 (0.73–2.16, p = .414)

Chronic drinking

0.187

No

194 (87.8%)

79 (81.4%)

1 reference

Yes

27 (12.2%)

18 (18.6%)

1.64 (0.85–3.14, p = .138)

ALT (U/L)

26.0 [20.0;33.0]

26.0 [19.0;33.0]

0.719

1.00 (0.97–1.03, p = .750)

AST (U/L)

24.0 [17.0;30.0]

26.0 [19.0;31.0]

0.264

1.02 (0.99–1.05, p = .265)

PLT (×109 L)

196 [142;241]

179 [133;232]

0.341

1.00 (0.99-1.00, p = .322)

HB (g/L)

137 [125;151]

141 [128;150]

0.926

1.00 (0.99–1.01, p = .835)

WB (×109 L)

5.38 [4.32;6.57]

5.44 [4.59;7.05]

0.316

1.06 (0.97–1.17, p = .208)

Creatinine (umol/L)

72.0 [61.0;82.0]

75.0 [67.0;84.0]

0.013

1.02 (1.00-1.03, p = .028)

1.00 (0.98–1.03, p = .729)

ALB (g/L)

41.4 [39.3;43.9]

40.4 [38.5;42.9]

0.037

0.95 (0.90–1.01, p = .077)

TBIL (umol/L)

11.5 [8.70;15.5]

12.7 [8.50;16.6]

0.371

1.00 (0.98–1.02, p = .805)

ASA:

0.617

I + II

154 (69.7%)

71 (73.2%)

1 reference

III

67 (30.3%)

26 (26.8%)

0.84 (0.49–1.43, p = .526)

Surgical approach

< 0.001

Laparoscopic technique

82 (37.1%)

13 (13.4%)

1 reference

1 reference

1 reference

Open

139 (62.9%)

84 (86.6%)

3.81 (2.00-7.26, p < .001)

3.07 (1.42–6.63, p = .004)

3.12 (1.45–6.72, p = .004)

Extent of operation

< 0.001

Single segmentectomy

109 (49.3%)

30 (30.9%)

1 reference

1 reference

1 reference

Two combined segmentectomies

86 (38.9%)

36 (37.1%)

1.52 (0.87–2.67, p = .143)

1.43 (0.71–2.87, p = .312)

1.43 (0.71–2.84, p = .314)

Major hepatectomy

26 (11.8%)

31 (32.0%)

4.33 (2.24–8.38, p < .001)

2.74 (1.18–6.37, p = .019)

2.84 (1.23–6.56, p = .014)

Surgical time (minute)

267 [217;315]

285 [218;359]

0.053

1.00 (1.00-1.01, p = .004)

1.00 (1.00–1.00, p = .974)

Blood volume intraoperative (per 100ml)

200 [100;400]

500 [300;1100]

< 0.001

1.40 (1.27–1.54, p < .001)

1.37 (1.23–1.52, p < .001)

1.36 (1.23–1.50, p < .001)