Table 2 Univariate analysis of risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistula after DP
Variable | No CR-POPF (N = 77) | CR-POPF (N = 38) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.908 |
 Male | 22 (28.6) | 12 (31.6) |  |
 Female | 55 (71.4) | 26 (68.4) |  |
Age (y), n (%) | Â | Â | 0.514 |
 < 65 | 66 (85.7) | 30 (78.9) |  |
 ≥ 65 | 11 (14.3) | 8 (21.1) |  |
BMI (kg/m2), n (%) | Â | Â | 0.004 |
 < 25 | 50 (64.9) | 13 (34.2) |  |
 ≥ 25 | 27 (35.1) | 25 (65.8) |  |
Hypertension, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.024 |
 No | 69 (89.6) | 27 (71.1) |  |
 Yes | 8 (10.4) | 11 (28.9) |  |
Diabetes, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.130 |
 No | 67 (87.0) | 28 (73.7) |  |
 Yes | 10 (13.0) | 10 (26.3) |  |
Smoking, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.908 |
 No | 63 (81.8) | 30 (78.9) |  |
 Yes | 14 (18.2) | 8 (21.1) |  |
Alcohol abuse, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.487 |
 No | 68 (88.3) | 31 (81.6) |  |
 Yes | 9 (11.7) | 7 (18.4) |  |
Hemoglobin (g/L), median (IQR) | 130 (122–140) | 131 (124–138) | 0.917 |
Prealbumin (mg/L), median (IQR) | 210 (191–253) | 192 (175–240) | 0.032 |
Albumin (g/L), n (%) | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 ≥ 35 | 68 (88.3) | 22 (57.9) |  |
 < 35 | 9 (11.7) | 16 (42.1) |  |
CA199 (kU/L), median (IQR) | 14.6 (5.1–36.0) | 28.9 (13.6–296) | 0.061 |
Operation time (min), median (IQR) | 285 (240–345) | 314 (214–364) | 0.861 |
Blood loss (mL), median (IQR) | 300 (200–500) | 320 (200–600) | 0.691 |
Surgical approach, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.903 |
 Laparoscopic | 10 (13.0) | 6 (15.8) |  |
 Open | 67 (87.0) | 32 (84.2) |  |
Ligation of main pancreatic duct, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.794 |
 Yes | 35 (45.5) | 19 (50.0) |  |
 No | 42 (54.5) | 19 (50.0) |  |
Pancreatic stump treatment, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.791 |
 Endo GIA stapler | 19 (24.7) | 11 (28.9) |  |
 Suture | 58 (75.3) | 27 (71.1) |  |
Pathology, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.715 |
 PDAC | 22 (28.6) | 14 (36.8) |  |
 Cystic | 30 (39.0) | 15 (39.5) |  |
 Pancreatitis | 7 (9.1) | 3 (7.9) |  |
 Neuroendocrine | 11 (14.3) | 2 (5.3) |  |
 SPTP | 6 (7.8) | 3 (7.9) |  |
 Others | 1 (1.2) | 1 (2.6) |  |
Pancreas thickness (mm), median (IQR) | 16.4 (14.9–18.6) | 19.5 (16.8–22.5) |  < 0.001 |
Pancreas texture, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 Hard | 55 (71.4) | 14 (36.8) |  |
 Soft | 22 (28.6) | 24 (63.2) |  |
Splenectomy, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.693 |
 No | 36 (46.8) | 20 (52.6) |  |
 Yes | 41 (53.2) | 18 (47.4) |  |