A prospective cohort study of the accuracy and safety of robot-assisted minimally invasive spinal surgery

BMC Surgery

Table 2 Screw placement in the disease subgroups

		Fracture	Spondylolisthesis	Disc herniation	Statistics	p Value
Number of patients	Minimally Invasive	24	28	27	χ² = 4.5278	0.104
	Open	24	46	59
Number of screws	Minimally Invasive	122	120	126	χ² = 10.9273	0.006
	Open	160	222	280
Grade (A + B)/ Total	Minimally Invasive	121/122 (99.18%)	115/120 (95.8%)	122/126 (96.83%)
	Open	157/160 (98.13%)	213/222 (95.95%)	269/280 (96.07%)
Screw deviation (mm)	Minimally Invasive	1.11 (1.75–0.69) *∆	1.33 (2.09–0.97)	1.54 (2.15–1.03)	χ² = 16.240	< 0.001
	Open	1.01 (1.42–0.68) *∆	1.64 (2.42–1.06)	1.47 (2.42–0.96)	χ² = 50.400	< 0.001

Screw deviation was expressed as median (75% quartile–25% quartile), and the number of screws and patients were expressed in frequency. RMD rank means difference
*Represents statistical significance compared with the spondylolisthesis group (p < 0.05), and ∆ represents statistical significance compared with disc herniation group (p < 0.05) undergoing same surgical method (minimally invasive group or open group)

ISSN: 1471-2482