Table 1 Patients’ characteristics, surgical and pathological information
Total (n = 144) | Different manipulations | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TEM directly (n = 54) | Biopsy with forceps (n = 57) | Endoscopic excision (n = 33) | |||
Age, median (range), years | 48.5 (21–77) | 50 (24–77) | 48 (21–76) | 45 (32–74) | 0.474 |
Male, N (%) | 82 (56.9) | 32 (59.3) | 28 (49.1) | 22 (66.7) | 0.245 |
BMI, mean (SD) | 24.7 (3.1) | 24.8 (3.2) | 24.1 (3.17) | 25.4 (2.84) | 0.151 |
Symptomatic, N (%) | 71 (49.3) | 27 (50.0) | 31 (54.4) | 13 (39.4) | 0.388 |
CA24-2, median (range), U/ml | 5.2 (0.3–31.5) | 4.6 (0.3–28.3) | 5.6 (0.3–20.5) | 5.9 (0.3–31.5) | 0.399 |
CEA, median (range), ng/ml | 1.7 (0.2–8.5) | 1.7 (0.2–8.5) | 1.6 (0.3–6.4) | 1.6 (0.2–4.4) | 0.568 |
CA19-9, median (range), U/ml | 8.8 (0.6–51.7) | 8.8 (0.6–51.7) | 8.2 (0.6–37.3) | 9.4 (0.6–34.0) | 0.428 |
Primary tumor size, median (range), cm | 0.6 (0.3–2.0) | ||||
< 1 cm, N (%) | 111 (77.1) | 43 (79.6) | 37 (64.9) | 31 (93.9) | 0.006 |
1–2 cm, N (%) | 33 (22.9) | 11 (20.4) | 20 (35.1) | 2 (6.1) | |
Distance from anal verge, median (range), cm | 7.0 (4.0–14.0) | ||||
≤ 6 cm, N (%) | 65 (45.1) | 21 (38.9) | 22 (38.6) | 22 (66.7) | 0.018 |
> 6 cm, N (%) | 79 (54.9) | 33 (61.1) | 35 (61.4) | 11 (33.3) | |
Location, N (%) | |||||
Anterior | 44 (30.6) | 15 (27.8) | 16 (28.1) | 13 (39.4) | 0.796 |
Posterior | 37 (25.7) | 14 (25.9) | 15 (26.3) | 8 (24.2) | |
Lateral | 63 (43.8) | 25 (46.3) | 26 (45.6) | 12 (36.4) | |
Operative time, median (range), minutes | 60 (25–140) | 57.5 (30–130) | 65 (25–140) | 65 (25–130) | 0.839 |
Blood loss, median (range), ml | 5 (0–15) | ||||
≤ 5 ml, N (%) | 122 (84.7) | 46 (85.2) | 45 (78.9) | 31 (93.9) | 0.162 |
> 5 ml, N (%) | 22 (15.3) | 8 (14.8) | 12 (21.1) | 2 (6.1) | |
Postoperative hospital stay, median (range), days | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) | 0.132 |
Grade, N (%) | |||||
G1 | 117 (81.2) | 47 (87.0) | 44 (77.2) | 26 (78.8) | 0.359 |
G2 | 26 (18.1) | 6 (11.1) | 13 (22.8) | 7 (21.2) | |
G3 | 1 (0.6) | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Invasion depth, N (%) | |||||
Mucosa | 33 (22.9) | 11 (20.4) | 10 (17.5) | 12 (36.4) | 0.113 |
Submucosa | 104 (72.2) | 41 (75.9) | 42 (73.7) | 21 (63.6) | |
Muscularis propria | 7 (4.9) | 2 (3.7) | 5 (8.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
Tumor detected after TEM | 111 (77.1) | 54 (100.0) | 49 (86.0) | 8 (24.2) | < 0.001 |
Negative resection margin, N (%) | 142 (98.6) | 53 (98.1) | 56 (98.2) | 33 (100.0) | 0.739 |