Table 1 Patient characteristics

Age (years, mean ± SD) (range)

55.8 ± 10.4 (34–76)

Gender (%)

 Male

43 (58.9)

 Female

30 (41.1)

BMI (kg/m², mean ± SD)(range)

24.8 ± 3.2 (18.4–30.8)

Distance from AV (cm, mean ± SD)(range)

4.3 ± 2.0 (1–8)

Histology (%)

 Moderate

59 (80.8)

 Poor/mucinous/signet

14 (19.2)

AJCC T stage (%)

 T1–T2

28 (38.4)

 T3–T4

45 (61.6)

AJCC N stage (%)

 N0

40 (53.4)

 N1–N2

34 (46.6)

Perineural invasion (%)

23 (31.5)

Lymphatic invasion (%)

17 (23.3)

Vascular invasion (%)

16 (21.9)

LPN metastasis (%)

15 (20.5)

Location of LPNM (%)

 Alongside the internal iliac vessel region

5 (6.8)

 Alongside the external iliac vessel region

3 (4.1)

 Alongside the obturator region

9 (12.3)

 The common iliac vessel region

2 (2.7)

LPND (%)

Unilateral dissection

55 (75.3)

Bilateral dissection

18 (24.7)

Mesorectal lymph nodes harvested(range)

15.4 ± 8.0 (8–58)

LPLNs harvested(range)

9.0 ± 5.5 (5–38)

Operative time (min, mean ± SD)(range)

291.9 ± 69.4 (170–480)

Estimated intraoperative blood loss (ml, mean ± SD)(range)

87.3 ± 103.7 (10–300)

Postoperative complications (%)

14 (19.2)

Postoperative hospital days (days, mean ± SD)(range)

8.7 ± 4.8 (6–44)

Adjuvant chemotherapy

54 (74.0)