Table 4 Comparison between PPCs group and non-PPCs group

Basic clinical characteristics

Age (year)^a

62.0 (56.0, 73.0)

60.0 (54.0, 66.0)

Sex (M/F)

148/163

730/708

Comorbidities

 Hypertension (Y/N)

48/263

214/1224

 COPD (Y/N)

46/265

122/1316

 Diabetes mellitus (Y/N)

27/284

123/1315

Smoking status (Y/N)

72/239

370/1068

ERAS program (Y/N)

105/206

852/586

Pathological stage I or 0, (Y/N)

140/171

679/759

VATS approach

203/108

431/1001

Pulmonary function

 FEV1 (L)^a

2.13 (1.90, 2.31)

2.32 (2.09, 2.52)

 FVC (L)^a

3.20 (2.84, 3.44)

3.23 (2.87 3.56)

Amount of bleeding in operation^a

150.0 (100.0, 200.0)

50.0 (150.0, 200.0)

Surgery time^a

120.0 (90.0, 140.0)

110.0 (80.0, 140.0)

Postoperative LOS^a

9.0 (6.0,12.0)

4.0 (3.0, 7.0)

Total LOS^a

16.0 (12.0, 19.0)

8.0 (11.0, 14.0)

In-hospital expense, ¥

 Total^a

52,649.6 (46,815.1, 61,097.0)

46,151.2 (41,919.2, 50,908.2)

 Material cost^a

24,567.0 (19,886.2, 31,942.8)

24,486.5 (20,925.8, 28,342.1)

 Drug cost^a

14,411.3 (11,127.8, 16,427.8)

7322.0 (5980.1, 9655.5)

Drainage volume^a

700 (230.0, 1600.0)

590.0 (180, 1470)

Duration of drainage^a

5.0 (3.0, 8.0)

4.0 (3.0, 6.0)