Fig. 6

Effects of ME in appendectomy. a Current channeling (a black arrow), the “clamp effect” (a purple arrow), mesenteric vessel cooling by blood flow (a white arrow). b Current channeling (white arrows). c Lateral thermal spread causes heating of the surrounding tissue (a small intestine loop – a black arrow). d The “pedicle effect” causes heating of tissues where a smaller tubular structure (a vessel – a white arrow) enters a larger tubular structure (an intestinal loop – a black arrow). e The “jump over” effect (a white arrow). f Current leakage through the nonactive instrument (a white arrow)