Table 1 Demographics, preoperative, and surgical characteristics of patients undergoing single-level spine percutaneous kyphoplasty
From: Spine surgeon specialty differences in single-level percutaneous kyphoplasty
Variable | Orthopedic Surgeon | Neurosurgeon | P value †|
|---|---|---|---|
Available Number (n = 2248) | n = 1019 (45.3%) | n = 1229 (54.7%) | |
Demographics | |||
 Hospital status | |||
  Outpatient | 653 (64.1) | 695 (56.6) | < 0.001 |
  Inpatient | 366 (35.9) | 534 (43.4) | |
 Age Range, year | |||
  64 or less | 128 (12.6) | 238 (19.4) | < 0.001 |
  65–84 | 629 (61.7) | 721 (58.7) | |
  85 or greater | 262 (25.7) | 270 (21.9) | |
 Sex | |||
  Male | 295 (29.0) | 369 (30.0) | 0.61 |
  Female | 724 (71.0) | 860 (70.0) | |
 Body mass index, kg/m2 (n = 2233) | |||
  BMI ≤ 29.9 | 780 (77.5) | 909 (74.0) | 0.071 |
  BMI ≥30 | 228 (22.5) | 318 (25.8) | |
 Race (n = 2132) | |||
  Caucasian | 887 (90.4) | 1097 (89.3) | < 0.001 |
  African American | 19 (1.9) | 32 (2.6) | |
 Asian | 70 (7.1) | 18 (1.5) | |
  Others | 5 (0.5) | 4 (0.3) | |
 Functional status (n = 2191) | |||
  Independent | 828 (81.2) | 1090 (88.7) | < 0.001 |
  Dependent | 160 (15.7) | 113 (9.2) | |
 Transfer status (n = 2245) | |||
  Not transferred (admitted from home) | 955 (93.8) | 1156 (94.1) | 0.689 |
  Transfer from other | 63 (6.2) | 71 (5.8) | |
 Diagnosis | |||
  Pathologic fracture | 584 (57.3) | 618 (50.3) | < 0.001 |
  Traumatic fracture | 364 (35.7) | 517 (42.1) | |
  Others | 111 (10.9) | 94 (7.6) | |
Preoperative Comorbidities | |||
 Anemia | 385 (37.8) | 509 (41.4) | 0.08 |
 Recent weight loss (> 10% of body weight in last 6 months) | 13 (1.3) | 19 (1.5) | 0.59 |
 All diabetes mellitus | |||
  Insulin-dependent diabetes | 74 (7.3) | 101 (8.2) | 0.441 |
  Non-insulin-dependent diabetes | 94 (9.2) | 127 (10.3) | |
 Pulmonary | |||
  Smoking (current smoker within 1 year) | 121 (11.9) | 157 (12.8) | 0.519 |
  Dyspnea | 121 (11.9) | 163 (13.3) | 0.069 |
  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 150 (14.7) | 176 (14.3) | 0.789 |
 Cardiovascular | |||
  Hypertension requiring medicating | 692 (67.9) | 781 (63.5) | 0.03 |
  Congestive heart failure | 27 (2.6) | 27 (2.2) | 0.485 |
 Urinary system | |||
  Acute renal failure | 12 (1.2) | 7 (0.6) | 0.117 |
  Dialysis use | 3 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 0.509 |
 Other system disease | |||
  Disseminated cancer | 29 (2.8) | 86 (7) | < 0.001 |
  Bleeding disorder | 86 (8.4) | 88 (7.2) | 0.258 |
  Preoperative blood transfusion of ≥1 unit of packed/whole RBCs within 72 h of operation | 11 (1.1) | 10 (0.8) | 0.514 |
  Steroid use for chronic condition | 128 (12.6) | 150 (12.2) | 0.798 |
  Systemic sepsis | 26 (2.6) | 30 (2.4) | 0.867 |
Operative variables | |||
 Anatomic Level of Operation | |||
  Thoracic Spine | 476 (46.7) | 611 (49.7) | 0.156 |
  Lumbar Spine | 543 (53.3) | 618 (50.3) | |
 Wound classification | |||
  Clean | 1017 (99.8) | 1227 (99.8) | 0.851 |
  Clean/contaminated | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | |
  Contaminated | 0 | 0 | |
  Dirty/infected | 0 | 1 (0.1) | |
 ASA classification (n = 2244) | |||
  1-No Disturb | 8 (0.8) | 7 (0.6) | 0.097 |
  2-Mild Disturb | 264 (25.9) | 287 (23.4) | |
  3-Severe Disturb | 661 (64.9) | 796 (64.8) | |
  4-Life Threat | 84 (8.2) | 136 (11.1) | |
  5-Moribund | 0 | 1 (0.1) | |
 Type of anesthesia (n = 2247) | |||
  General | 921 (90.4) | 1082 (88) | 0.085 |
  All others | 98 (9.6) | 146 (11.9) | |
  Emergency case | 18 (1.8) | 46 (3.7) | 0.005 |
  Operative time, mina | 33.94 ± 40.99 | 35.95 ± 34.03 | 0.2041 |
 Discharge Destination (n = 2232) | |||
  Home | 823 (80.1) | 1016 (82.7) | 0.637 |
  Facility Which Not Home | 176 (17.2) | 206 (16.8) | |
  Days from Operation to Discharge, daya | 1.30 ± 2.91 | 1.61 ± 4.55 | 0.06 |