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Table 1 Reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with IVC involvement

From: Long-term survival after anterior approach right hepatectomy combined with inferior vena cava thrombectomy using trans-diaphragmatic intrapericardial inferior vena cava occlusion: a case report and review of the literature

No

Literature

Age/Sex

Location

Size

IVC Involvement

Treatment Technique

Additional Treatment

Survival

Outcome

1

Tastekin [13]

24/male

Rt lobe

6 × 6 × 4 cm

III LV

Resection of liver tumor

Resection of tumor thrombus

18 mo

Dead

2

Ehrich [14]

62/male

Lt lobe

ND

III RA

Resection of tumor thrombus

Radiation therapy

12 mo

Alive

3

Li [15]

66/male

Rt lobe

12 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

6 mo

Dead

4

Oncale [16]

76/male

Rt lobe

12 × 8 cm

II

Sorafenib

No

14 mo

Dead

5

Miller [17]

30/male

Extensive involvement

ND

III RA

Resection of tumor thrombus

Radiation therapy and immunotherapy

6 mo

Alive

6

Chang [4]

57/male

RAS

9.6 × 8.6 cm

III RA

Thalidomide

No

12 mo

Alive

76/male

MHV

2 cm

III RA

TACE

Thalidomide

18 mo

Dead

67/female

Seg5, Seg8

7 cm

III RA

Thalidomide

No

5 mo

Alive

7

Inoue [39]

67/male

Seg2, Seg3

1.2 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

27 mo

Alive

8

Luo [18]

35/male

Lt lobe, RAS

ND

III RA

Percutaneous microwave ablation

No

6 mo

Dead

9

Goto [19]

36/female

Rt lobe

ND

III RA

Resection of tumor thrombus

TACE

7 mo

Dead

10

Kawakam [20]

66/female

Extensive involvement

ND

III RA

Symptomatic treatment

TACE

5 mo

Dead

11

Sun [21]

45/male

Lt lobe

ND

III RA

TACE

No

46 mo

Alive

12

Georgen [22]

22/female

Seg7

6 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

30 mo

Dead

13

Noguchi [23]

66/male

Rt lobe

2 cm

III RA

Symptomatic treatment

No

1 mo

Dead

14

Ohta [43]

60/male

Rt lobe

ND

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

Sorafenib

10 mo

Alive

15

Sengodan [24]

44/male

Rt lobe

5.6 × 7.6 × 5.5 cm

III RA

Sorafenib

Anticoagulation

2 mo

Dead

16

Hayashida [25]

72/male

Lt lobe

ND

III RA

Resection of tumor thrombus

TACE

6 mo

Dead

17

Sawada [26]

62/male

Extensive involvement

ND

III RA

Glypican-3-derived peptide vaccination

TACE, sorafenib

56 d

Dead

18

Shivathirthan [40]

71/male

Seg 7

ND

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

TACE

ND

ND

19

Miyazawa [27]

55/male

RAS

7 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

12 mo

Alive

20

Li [28]

64/male

Seg 6, Seg7

5.3 × 3.6 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

6 mo

Dead

21

Wu [42]

42/male

RAS

1.5 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

TACE

14 mo

Dead

22

Giuliani [29]

47/male

Lt lobe

Mutiple

III RA

External beam radiation therapy

No

7 mo

Dead

23

Leo [30]

45/male

Lt lobe

ND

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

6 mo

Alive

24

Florman [3]

55/male

Lt lobe

18 × 3 × 7 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

3 mo

Alive

25

Sung [31]

71/male

Rt lobe

ND

III RA

Resection of tumor thrombus

Sorafenib

7 mo

Alive

26

Ohwada [32]

77/female

LLS

10 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

3 mo

Alive

27

Lin [33]

57/male

Rt lobe

4.5 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

3 D

Dead

28

Yogita [34]

61/male

LMS

3 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

56 mo

Dead

29

Masaki [35]

47/male

Seg 8

3 × 2.5 × 2 cm

III RA

Resection of tumor thrombus

TAE and radiation therapy

8 mo

Dead

48/male

Seg 7

ND

III LP

Resection of tumor thrombus in the IVC and LPA

TAE

29 D

Dead

30

Kashima [20]

66/male

Rt lobe

10 × 7 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

TACE

59 mo

Alive

31

Fujisaki [36]

38/female

LLS

8 × 8 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

No

15 mo

Alive

32

Dazai [37]

42/male

Rt lobe

ND

III RA

TACE

No

7 mo

Dead

33

Kurahashi [38]

81/male

Rt lobe

11.5 cm

III RA

Resection of liver tumor and tumor thrombus

Oncologic treatment

72 mo

Alive

  1. IVC inferior vena cava, LLS left lateral segment, LMS left medial segment, Lt left, MHV middle hepatic vein, ND not described, RA right atrium, RAS right anterior segment, Rt right, Seg segment, TACE transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, TAE transcatheter arterial embolization, LPA Left pulmonary artery, LP left pulmonary, mo months, II type II (mentioned in Fig. 4), III type III (mentioned in Fig. 4)