Table 1 The characteristics and results of the quality assessment of the included studies
First author | Publication year | Country | Study design | PDVR group | PD group | Newcastle-Ottawa Scale | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Age | Male (%) | No. | Age | Male (%) | selection | comparability | outcome | score | ||||
Lawrence E | 1996 | USA | cohort | 42 | n.a. | n.a. | 231 | n.a. | n.a. | **** | * | * | 6 |
S. D. LEACH | 1998 | USA | cohort | 31 | mean 66.0 | 19 (61) | 44 | mean 64.0 | 23 (52) | **** | * | *** | 8 |
Tbomas | 2003 | USA | cohort | 13 | 68.0 ± 13.0 | 7 (53.8) | 23 | 67.0 ± 8.6 | 14 (60.9) | **** | ** | * | 7 |
Ronnie T | 2004 | China | cohort | 12 | n.a. | n.a. | 38 | n.a. | n.a. | **** | * | ** | 7 |
Jennifer F | 2004 | USA | cohort | 110 | 64 (41–81) | 69 (62.7) | 181 | 64 (30–83) | 106 (58.6) | **** | ** | ** | 8 |
Nicolas Carrere | 2006 | France | cohort | 45 | 58.8 ± 1.7 | 32 (71.1) | 88 | 61.5 ± 1.1 | 59 (67.0) | **** | ** | ** | 8 |
Isao Kurosaki | 2008 | Japan | cohort | 35 | 66.2 ± 9.2 | 19 (54.3) | 42 | 64.1 ± 8.8 | 24 (57.2) | **** | ** | *** | 9 |
Robert C | 2009 | USA | cohort | 31 | n.a. | n.a. | 36 | n.a. | n.a. | **** | Â | ** | 6 |
Paul Toomey | 2009 | USA | cohort | 48 | 67.0 ± 9.2 | 27 (56.3) | 172 | 68.0 ± 7.8 | 80 (46.5) | **** | * | *** | 8 |
Yuji Kaneoka | 2009 | Japan | cohort | 42 | 66.0 ± 1.0 | 24 (57.1) | 42 | 65.0 ± 2.0 | 28 (66.7) | **** | * | *** | 8 |
K Dilip Chakravarty | 2010 | China | cohort | 12 | 62.9 ± 11.0 | 7 (58.3) | 75 | 62.9 ± 9.8 | 50 (66.7) | **** | ** | *** | 9 |
VM.Banz | 2011 | UK | cohort | 51 | 67 (46–80) | 24 (47.1) | 275 | 65 (27–83) | 147 (53.5) | **** | ** | * | 7 |
Anthony W. Castleberry | 2012 | USA | cohort | 281 | 65.5 ± 11.2 | 138 (49.1) | 3301 | 65.6 ± 11.4 | 1701 (51.5) | **** | * | ** | 7 |
Ryan S. Turley | 2012 | USA | cohort | 42 | 64 (40–78) | 22 (62) | 162 | 66 (32–87) | 81 (50) | **** | * | *** | 8 |
Reena Ravikumar | 2013 | UK | cohort | 230 | 65 (43–80) | 115 (50) | 840 | 66 (27–84) | 468 (55.7) | **** | ** | *** | 9 |
yoshiaki murakami | 2013 | Japan | cohort | 61 | n.a. | 33 (54.1) | 64 | n.a. | 32 (50.0) | **** | ** | ** | 8 |
Jaehong Jeong | 2013 | Korea | cohort | 46 | 61 (41–81) | 30 (65.2) | 230 | 62 (32–80) | 129 (56.1) | **** | ** | ** | 8 |
Vijay G | 2013 | USA | cohort | 18 | mean 67.2 | 6 (33.3) | 43 | 69 | 21 (48.8) | **** | ** | * | 7 |
Ali Aktekin | 2013 | Turkey | cohort | 23 | 64.73 | 7 (30.4) | 77 | 63.6 ± 11.8 | 49 (63.6) | **** | * | *** | 8 |
Yi Gong | 2013 | China | cohort | 119 | 59 (30–82) | 72 (60.5) | 447 | 59 (37–81) | 295 (66.0) | **** | ** | ** | 8 |
Kaitlyn J. Kelly | 2013 | USA | cohort | 70 | 66.8 ± 9.1 | 28 (40) | 422 | 65.0 ± 11.3 | 214 (51) | **** | * | *** | 8 |
F.wang | 2014 | Australia | cohort | 64 | 66 (62–73) | 34 (53.1) | 58 | 67 (61–75) | 30 (51.7) | **** | ** | ** | 8 |
Tan TO Cheung | 2014 | China | cohort | 32 | 63 (35–86) | 20 (62.5) | 46 | 67 (37–82) | 25 (54.3) | **** | ** | ** | 8 |
Alexandra M. Roch | 2015 | USA | cohort | 90 | 66.4 ± 10.4 | 51 (56.7) | 477 | 66.3 ± 10.4 | 274 (57.4) | **** | ** | *** | 9 |
H Elberm | 2015 | UK | cohort | 230 | n.a. | n.a. | 840 | n.a. | n.a. | **** | * | ** | 7 |
Michael D. Sgroi | 2015 | USA | cohort | 60 | 64.5 ± 10.0 | 32 (53.3) | 87 | 67.4 ± 9.7 | 43 (49.4) | **** | ** | *** | 9 |
Wei-lin Wang | 2015 | China | cohort | 42 | 59.4 ± 8.5 | 26 (61.9) | 166 | 60.5 ± 12.3 | 115 (69.3) | **** | * | ** | 7 |
Xin Zhao | 2016 | China | cohort | 21 | 63.0 ± 7.5 | 13 (61.9) | 85 | 63.5 ± 10.7 | 44 (51.8) | **** | * | ** | 7 |
Joal D | 2016 | USA | cohort | 194 | 65.0 ± 11.2 | 86 (44.3) | 1163 | 64.3 ± 11.8 | 603 (51.8) | **** | * | ** | 7 |
Pietro Addeo | 2017 | France | cohort | 91 | 66.0 ± 10.0 | 52 (57.1) | 90 | 69.0 ± 9.0 | 54 (60) | **** | ** | *** | 9 |