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Table 1 Univariate analysis of risk factors influencing overall and disease-free survival

From: Survival after initial lung metastasectomy for metastatic colorectal cancer in the modern chemotherapeutic era

Variable

n = 59 (%)

Overall survival

Disease-free survival

HR

[95% CI]

P

HR

[95% CI]

P

General factors

 Sex

  Female

26 (44)

1

  

1

  

  Male

33 (56)

3.780

[1.367–13.290]

0.009

2.076

[1.018–4.480]

0.045

 Age (years old)

   ≥ 70

20 (34)

1

  

1

  

   < 70

39 (66)

1.063

[0.417–3.042]

0.902

1.215

[0.595–2.625]

0.599

Primary colorectal cancer related factors

 Location

  Colon

34 (58)

1

  

1

  

  Rectum

25 (42)

2.524

[0.991–6.877]

0.052

1.725

[0.854–3.483]

0.127

 Histological type/differentiation

  Well differentiated

21 (36)

1

  

1

  

  Moderately/poorly differentiated or mucinous

38 (64)

1.757

[0.634–6.188]

0.295

1.053

[0.520–2.273]

0.889

 Preoperative serum CEA (ng/mL)

   < 5.0

23 (39)

1

  

1

  

   ≥ 5.0

36 (61)

1.822

[0.660–6.400]

0.262

1.571

[0.751–3.586]

0.238

 T stage

  T1/T2/T3

34 (58)

1

  

1

  

  T4

25 (42)

1.485

[0.598–3.740]

0.390

1.403

[0.690–2.823]

0.344

 N stage

  N0/N1

50 (85)

1

  

1

  

  N2

9 (15)

2.839

[0.897–7.733]

0.073

3.496

[1.458–7.540]

0.007

 Lymphatic invasion

  Not identified

19 (32)

1

  

1

  

  Identified

40 (68)

1.448

[0.520–5.117]

0.500

1.433

[0.670–3.410]

0.366

 Vascular invasion

  Not identified

12 (20)

1

  

1

  

  Identified

47 (80)

3.555

[0.729–64.051]

0.135

3.412

[1.210–14.264]

0.018

 pTNM stage

  Stage 1/2

29 (49)

1.351

[0.531–3.397]

 

1.022

[0.506–2.065]

 

  Stage 3/4

30 (51)

1

 

0.520

1

 

0.949

 Adjuvant chemotherapy

  Not performed

28 (48)

1

  

1

  

  Performed

31 (53)

1.396

[0.558–3.769]

0.480

1.130

[0.609–2.483]

0.568

Lung metastasis related factors

 Number of tumors

  Solitary

48 (81)

1

  

1

  

  Multiple

11 (19)

1.496

[0.482–3.928]

0.456

1.908

[0.801–4.081]

0.136

 Tumor size (mm)

   < 20

27 (46)

1

  

1

  

   ≥ 20

32 (54)

1.985

[0.779–5.674]

0.154

1.591

[0.786–3.360]

0.199

 Tumor distribution

  Unilateral

51 (86)

1

  

1

  

  Bilateral

8 (14)

2.376

[0.763–6.256]

0.126

2.528

[0.934–5.805]

0.066

 Preoperative serum CEA (ng/mL)

   < 5.0

36 (61)

1

  

1

  

   ≥ 5.0

23 (39)

3.030

[1.173–7.999]

0.023

2.230

[1.103–4.508]

0.026

 Operative procedure

  Lobectomy

19 (32)

1

  

1

  

  Wedge resection/segmentectomy

40 (68)

1.911

[0.691–6.721]

0.225

1.049

[0.509–2.320]

0.899

 DFI after colorectal cancer resection (months)

   ≥ 24

20 (34)

1

  

1

  

   < 24

39 (66)

5.402

[1.545–34.105]

0.006

2.428

[1.105–6.096]

0.026

 Adjuvant chemotherapy

  Not performed

33 (56)

1

  

1

  

  Performed

26 (44)

1.916

[0.772–4.974]

0.160

1.461

[0.725–2.945]

0.285

Liver metastasis related factor

 History of hepatic metastasis

  Absent

31 (53)

1

  

1

  

  Present

28 (48)

1.616

[0.647–4.356]

0.307

1.249

[0.620–2.518]

0.530

  1. CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, CI confidence interval, DFI disease-free interval, HR, hazard ratio
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