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  1. Although multiple methods have been proposed to treat auricular keloids, low curative effects and high recurrence rates are currently major clinical problems. Thereinto, surgery combined with radiotherapy and ...

    Authors: Qiang Sun, Er-te Yu, You Zhou, Shuang Tong, Kai-jian Zhou and Shu Guo
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:256
  2. The area which located at the medial pedicle, posterior vertebral body and ventral hemilamina is defined as the hidden zone. Surgical management of hidden zone lumbar disc herniation (HZLDH) is technically cha...

    Authors: Chunxiao Wang, Yao Zhang, Xiaojie Tang, Haifei Cao, Qinyong Song, Jiangwei Tan, Chengzhen Jin and Hongkai Song
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:255
  3. Phytobezoar formation is a complication of bariatric surgery and mostly occurs after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) operations. Here, we present an extremely rare case of late phytobezoar format...

    Authors: Shayan Aryannezhad, Yasaman Sadeghian, Parvin Shapoori, Majid Valizadeh and Maryam Barzin
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:254
  4. Seventy percent of surgical procedures are currently performed in the outpatient setting. Although the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Classification ability to predict risk has been evalu...

    Authors: Colin Foley, Mark C. Kendall, Patricia Apruzzese and Gildasio S. De Oliveira
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:253
  5. A few reports have shown that unilateral transverse process-pedicle percutaneous kyphoplasty is a good choice for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). However, this issue remains c...

    Authors: Wu Tao, Qin Hu, Yap San Min Nicolas, Xu Nuo, Huang Daoyu, Jin Zhen, Sun Jinpeng and Liu Jun
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:252
  6. Hemorrhoids are common. Hemorrhoidectomy should typically be offered to patients whose symptoms result from external hemorrhoids or combined internal and external hemorrhoids with prolapse (grades III/IV). How...

    Authors: Qiuxiang Yu, Congcong Zhi, Lansi Jia and Hui Li
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:251
  7. Venous thromboembolism remains a common but preventable complication for cancerous lung surgical patients. Current guidelines recommend thromboprophylaxis for lung patients at high risk of thrombosis, while a ...

    Authors: Gu-Ha A-Lai, Ze-Guo Zhuo, Gang Li, Tie-Niu Song, Zhi-Jie Xu, Xu Shen, Peng Yao and Yi-Dan Lin
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:250
  8. The incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) is high in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We aimed to analyze the incidence and predictive factors of postoperative VTE in patients with u...

    Authors: Norimitsu Shimada, Hiroki Ohge, Hiroki Kitagawa, Kosuke Yoshimura, Norifumi Shigemoto, Shinnosuke Uegami, Yusuke Watadani, Kenichiro Uemura and Shinya Takahashi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:247
  9. The future liver remnant (FLR) faces a risk of poor growth in patients with cirrhosis-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after stage-1 radiofrequency-assisted ALPPS (RALPPS). The present study presents a s...

    Authors: Qiang Wang, Shu Chen, Jun Yan, Torkel Brismar, Ernesto Sparrelid, Chengming Qu, Yujun Ji, Shihan Chen and Kuansheng Ma
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:246
  10. It is challenging to proceed thoracoscopic anatomic resection when encountering severe pleural adhesion or calcified peribronchial lymphadenopathy. Compared with multiple-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surg...

    Authors: Chen-Yu Wu, Ying-Yuan Chen, Chao-Chun Chang, Yi-Ting Yen, Wu-Wei Lai, Wei-Li Huang and Yau-Lin Tseng
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:244
  11. Prevention of incisional hernias with a prophylactic mesh in emergency surgery is controversial. The present study aimed to analyze the long-term results of prophylactic mesh used for preventing incisional her...

    Authors: A. Bravo-Salva, N. Argudo-Aguirre, A. M. González-Castillo, E. Membrilla-Fernandez, J. J. Sancho-Insenser, L. Grande-Posa, M. Pera-Román and J. A. Pereira-Rodríguez
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:243
  12. The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically influenced the delivery of healthcare. In line with the UK Royal Colleges’ advice the management of acute appendicitis (AA) changed with greater consideration for non-operati...

    Authors: Heather C. M. Pringle, Urszula Donigiewicz, Melissa-Rose Bennett, Eleanor Walker, George E. Fowler, Sunil Narang, Susan Ball and Robert M. Bethune
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:242
  13. The effectiveness of surgery of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in post-menopausal women needs to be investigated. This study evaluated the clinical significance of cold-knife conization in the diag...

    Authors: Xiao Li, Meihua Liu, Yurou Ji and Pengpeng Qu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:241
  14. We aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric transplant outcomes and determine whether to continue pediatric transplant activity or not, and how policies intended our center has been effec...

    Authors: Mojtaba Shafiekhani, Kourosh Kazemi, Ali Bahador, Mohammad Hadi Imanieh and Parisa Karimzadeh
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:240
  15. This study aimed to identify the most valuable predictors of prognosis in glioblastoma (GBM) patients and develop and validate a nomogram to estimate individualized survival probability.

    Authors: Nijiati Kudulaiti, Zhirui Zhou, Chen Luo, Jie Zhang, Fengping Zhu and Jinsong Wu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:238
  16. Pulmonary metastases from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are relatively rare. Systemic chemotherapy is the first choice of treatment in patients with distant metastases, and the role of metastasectomy...

    Authors: Taro Mashiko, Akira Nakano, Yoshihito Masuoka, Seiichiro Yamamoto, Soji Ozawa and Toshio Nakagohri
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:237
  17. Internal hernias occur after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) when small bowel herniates into the intermesenteric spaces that have been created. The closure technique used is related to the internal her...

    Authors: Adam Skidmore and Edo O. Aarts
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:236

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Surgery 2021 21:301

  18. The aim of this study is to clarify the feasibility and effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on comorbidities, graft function and quality of life in patients who underwent renal transplantation (RT).

    Authors: Naif A. AlEnazi, Khaled S. Ahmad, Ilham A. Elsamahy and Mohamed S. Essa
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:235
  19. The treatment of a displaced proximal humeral fracture is still a matter of controversy. The purpose of this study was to report outcomes at a long-term follow-up after fixation augmentation using peek (polyet...

    Authors: Jiantao Li, Yuan Gao, Caixia Yin, Hao Zhang, Shaobo Nie, Hui Guo, Chenliang Quan, Hua Chen and Wei Zhang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:233
  20. Cervicothoracic penetrating injury, considered to be relatively rare, has a complicated mechanism that is difficult to treat. In this report, a special case of cervicothoracic injury caused by foreign body pen...

    Authors: Yang Hui, Xinxin Yang, Dengdian Ma, Mengwei Yao, Xinying Liu, Yunbing Dai, Qinyuan Huang, Tao Liu, Jing Xu and Xiaoyu Li
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:232
  21. Previous research on parastomal hernia repair following ileal conduit urinary diversion is limited. This nationwide cohort study aims to present the results of keyhole and Sugarbaker techniques in parastomal h...

    Authors: Elisa Mäkäräinen-Uhlbäck, Jaana Vironen, Markku Vaarala, Pia Nordström, Anu Välikoski, Jyrki Kössi, Ville Falenius, Aristotelis Kechagias, Anne Mattila, Pasi Ohtonen, Tom Scheinin and Tero Rautio
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:231
  22. Conservative surgery has proven advantageous in controlling hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) and preserving speech and swallowing function in carefully selected patients, typically with early T-st...

    Authors: Wenming Li, Dongmin Wei, Ye Qian, Shengda Cao, Dayu Liu, Dapeng Lei and Xinliang Pan
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:230
  23. Enhanced Recovery Surgical Programs were initially applied to colorectal procedures and used as multimodal approach to relieve the response to surgical stress. An important factor that negatively impacts the s...

    Authors: Fábio Lopes de Queiroz, Antonio Lacerda-Filho, Adriana Cherem Alves, Fábio Henrique de Oliveira, Paulo Rocha França Neto and Rodrigo de Almeida Paiva
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:229
  24. Appendectomy for acute appendicitis is the most common procedure performed emergently by general surgeons in the United States. The current management of acute appendicitis is increasingly controversial as non...

    Authors: John P. Skendelas, Victor S. Alemany, Vincent Au, Devika Rao, John McNelis and Peter K. Kim
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:228
  25. Preperitoneal herniation is a rare complication after transabdominal preperitoneal patch plasty (TAPP) and may be caused by inadequate peritoneal closure. We herein report two cases of postoperative small bowe...

    Authors: Zhenyu Zou, Yilin Zhu, Fan Wang, Jinxin Cao, Yuchen Liu, Huiqi Yang and Minggang Wang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:227
  26. Forearm autotransplantation after parathyroidectomy has turned into the standard method for secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) treatment in chronic kidney disease patients. Our study aimed to explore the eff...

    Authors: Bin Zhou, Lei Zhu, Cheng Xiang, Feng Cheng, Xi Zhu, Yi Zhou and Yong Wang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:226
  27. In our present study, we aimed to investigate (1) whether cervical facet degeneration (FD) affects the clinical functional scores of patients with cervical radiculopathy after single-segment anterior cervical ...

    Authors: Zheng Wang, Zhen Liu, Zhi-Wei Wang, Wen-Yuan Ding and Da-Long Yang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:225
  28. Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the ampulla of Vater (AmV) is exceedingly rare with more aggressive behavior and worse prognosis than adenocarcinoma. The finding of ASC at the AmV in combination to the gastri...

    Authors: Shuo Li, Mengqing Sun, Yingxin Wei, Yunlu Feng, Xiaoyan Chang, Yan You, Ziwen Liu and Xianlin Han
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:224
  29. Due to improvements in operative techniques and medical equipment, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has become a mainstay of thoracic surgery. Nevertheless, in multiport thoracoscopic surgery, there have b...

    Authors: Haitao Xu, Shuai Ren, Tianyu She, Jingyu Zhang, Lianguo Zhang, Teng Jia and Qingguang Zhang
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:223
  30. Free flap surgery is an essential procedure in soft tissue reconstruction. Complications due to vascular compromise often require revision surgery or flap removal. We present hyperspectral imaging (HSI) as a n...

    Authors: Lukas H. Kohler, Hannes Köhler, Simon Kohler, Stefan Langer, Rima Nuwayhid, Ines Gockel, Nick Spindler and Georg Osterhoff
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:222
  31. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common epithelial tumor of the esophagus. Upper endoscopy with multiple minimally invasive biopsies should be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Leiomyoma of esophagus is r...

    Authors: Saadat Mehrabi, Mohammad Javad Yavari Barhaghtalab, Safoora Hejazinia and Hossein Saedi
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:221
  32. A novel trauma workflow system called the hybrid emergency room (Hybrid ER), which combines a sliding CT scanner system with interventional radiology features (IVR-CT), was initially instituted in our emergenc...

    Authors: Daiki Wada, Koichi Hayakawa, Fukuki Saito, Kazuhisa Yoshiya, Yasushi Nakamori and Yasuyuki Kuwagata
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:219
  33. Despite increasing acceptance in colorectal surgery, natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) surgery for the treatment of gastric cancer is still in its infancy, especially via the transrectal approach, whi...

    Authors: Haipeng Meng, Jinchao Liu, Hui Xu, Song Wang, Yu Rong, Yanling Xu and Gang Yu
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:218
  34. Variation of the vertebral artery bifurcation is rare. This branching abnormality can cause unexpected vertebral artery damage and bleeding during thoracoscopic esophagectomy. There are few reports of abnormal...

    Authors: Yuta Sato, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Takeharu Imai, Yuji Hatanaka, Naoki Okumura, Nobuhisa Matsuhashi, Takao Takahashi and Kazuhiro Yoshida
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:217
  35. Spinal epidural lipomatosis is a rare cause of lumbar spinal stenosis. While conservative therapy is applicable for most of cases, surgical intervention is necessary for severe ones. This is the first time we ...

    Authors: Xiao Han, Derong Xu, ZhiNan Ren, Xin Chen, Zheng Li and Shugang Li
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:215
  36. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Kiichi Sugimoto, Kazuhiro Sakamoto, Yuki Ii, Kota Amemiya, Hiroyuki Sugo, Tomoaki Ito, Shinya Munakata, Makoto Takahashi, Yutaka Kojima, Yuichi Tomiki, Koichi Sato, Akio Saiura and Seiji Kawasaki
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:214

    The original article was published in BMC Surgery 2021 21:188

  37. We retrospectively reviewed and consecutively collected the clinical data of distal gastric cancer patients who received surgical treatment, and we discuss the safety and feasibility of double layered end-to-e...

    Authors: XinSheng Zhang, WeiBin Zhang, MengLang Yuan, XiaoMeng Shi, HongYi Chen, Zhen Feng, ZiHao Chen, DunBo Liu, EnJun Yan and ShuangYi Ren
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:213
  38. Acute colon perforation is a pediatric surgical emergency. We aimed to analyze the different etiologies and clinical characteristics of acute non-traumatic colon perforation beyond the neonatal period and to i...

    Authors: Sarah Siyin Tan, Kai Wang, Wenbo Pang, Dongyang Wu, Chunhui Peng, Zengmeng Wang, Dan Zhang and Yajun Chen
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:212
  39. Postoperative peritoneal adhesion (PPA) is regarded as fibrous bands connecting both injured abdominal wall and organs or adjacent tissues. It is associated with T helper (Th)1 and Th2 differentiation. However...

    Authors: Lili Yang, Ziyu Lian, Bin Zhang, Zhengjun Li, Li Zeng, Wenlin Li and Yaoyao Bian
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:211
  40. Little was know about the association between the CHA2DS2-VASc score and postoperative outcomes. Our purpose is to evaluate the effects of CHA2DS2-VASc score on the perioperative outcomes in patients with atri...

    Authors: Li-Chin Sung, Chih-Chung Liu, Chao-Shun Lin, Chun-Chieh Yeh, Yih-Giun Cherng, Ta-Liang Chen and Chien-Chang Liao
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:209
  41. Burst abdomen (BA) is a severe complication after abdominal surgery, which often requires urgent repair. However, evidence on surgical techniques to prevent burst abdomen recurrence (BAR) is scarce.

    Authors: Matthias Mehdorn, Linda Groos, Woubet Kassahun, Boris Jansen-Winkeln, Ines Gockel and Yusef Moulla
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:208
  42. Obesity can affect postoperative outcomes of gastrectomy. Visceral fat area is superior to body mass index in predicting postoperative complications. However, visceral fat area measurement is time-consuming an...

    Authors: Shinichiro Shiomi, Tetsuro Toriumi, Koichi Yagi, Raito Asaoka, Yasuhiro Okumura, Kotaro Wakamatsu, Susumu Aikou, Hiroharu Yamashita, Sachiyo Nomura and Yasuyuki Seto
    Citation: BMC Surgery 2021 21:207

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