Factors associated with prolonged postoperative length of hospital stay after laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Table 3 The associations between postoperative characteristics and PPLOS

Characteristic	Total	PLOS ≥ 11 days		P-value
Characteristic	Total	Yes, n = 117	No, n = 163	P-value
Hypotension^a	59 (21.1)	22 (18.8)	37 (22.7)	0.46
Albumin infusion	208 (74.3)	98 (83.8)	110 (67.5)	0.002
Early ambulation^b	72 (25.7)	16 (13.7)	56 (34.4)	< 0.001
Physiotherapy^c on PODs 0–5	5 (1.8)	2 (1.7)	3 (1.8)	1.00
PRBC and FP infusion	10 (3.6)	6 (5.1)	4 (2.4)	0.33
Drainage on PODs 0–3 (mL)	420 (259, 679)	430 (314, 780)	420 (210, 655)	0.037
Drainage on PODs 0–3 ≥ 300 mL	194 (69.3)	91 (77.8)	103 (63.2)	0.012
Perioperative surgical event^#	203 (72.5)	97 (82.9)	106 (65.0)	0.001
Hemoglobin level on POD 1 (g/L)	106 ± 18	105 ± 18	106 ± 18	0.60^*
Albumin level on POD 1 (g/L)	29.5 ± 3.9	29.1 ± 3.7	29.8 ± 4.0	0.16^*
Albumin level on POD 3 (g/L)	32.0 ± 3.9	31.7 ± 4.1	32.3 ± 3.7	0.30^*
WBC count on POD 1 (× 10⁹/L)	9.8 ± 3.0	10.0 ± 3.1	9.6 ± 2.9	0.29^*
WBC count on POD 3 (× 10⁹/L)	8.8 ± 3.2	9.1 ± 3.2	8.7 ± 3.2	0.30^*
hs-CRP level on POD 1 (mg/L)	68 (44, 92)	71 (40, 93)	68 (47, 91)	0.77^*
hs-CRP level on POD 3 (mg/L)	108 (74, 152)	123 (83, 169)	103 (71, 137)	0.024^*
Other events^d	12 (4.3)	7 (6.0)	5 (3.1)	0.25

Continuous data are reported as means ± standard deviations or medians (25th, 75th percentiles) and were compared using an independent t test or the Mann–Whitney U test, as appropriate. Categorical data are presented as numbers (proportions) and were compared using the Fisher exact test
^*Analyzed based on raw data (0–40% loss rate) without imputation. PPLOS, prolonged postoperative length of stay; PLOS, postoperative length of stay; POD, postoperative day; WBC, white blood cell; PRBC, packed red blood cell; FP, frozen plasma; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MAP, mean arterial pressure
^#Intraoperative surgical events (positive anastomotic leakage test, reoperation or intestinal anastomosis twice, duration of non-pneumoperitoneum ≥ 2 h, or abdominal drainage ≥ 200 mL in the postoperative anesthesia care unit) or abdominal drainage ≥ 300 mL in the first three days postoperatively
^aLowest postoperative MAP divided by the mean of three preoperative MAP values ≤ 70%
^bUp and ambulatory within 2 days after surgery
^cExcept for infrared therapy which is a routine treatment after abdominal surgery in our center
^dGallstone, kidney stone, intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy, or radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastasis

ISSN: 1471-2482