Factors associated with prolonged postoperative length of hospital stay after laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 The associations between intraoperative variables and PPLOS

Characteristic	Total	PLOS ≥ 11 days		P-value
Characteristic	Total	Yes, n = 117	No, n = 163	P-value
Duration of surgery (min)	213 ± 81	223 ± 81	206 ± 80	0.071
Duration of surgery ≥ 3 h	165 (58.9)	77 (65.8)	88 (54.0)	0.05
Chief surgeon (excellent/good)	142/138	51/66	91/72	0.052
Surgical approach (A/B/C)	63/33/184	18/23/76	45/10/108	0.001
Parks procedure or NOSES	24 (8.6)	8 (6.8)	16 (9.8)
Right hemicolectomy	39 (13.9)	10 (8.5)	29 (17.8)
Miles procedure	16 (5.7)	13 (11.1)	3 (1.8)
Left hemicolectomy	17 (6.1)	10 (8.5)	7 (4.2)
Sigmoidectomy	117 (41.8)	49 (41.9)	68 (41.7)
Dixon procedure	67 (23.9)	27 (23.1)	40 (24.5)
Additional operation	36 (12.9)	16 (13.7)	20 (12.3)	0.72
Active enterostomy	56 (20.0)	21 (17.9)	35 (21.5)	0.55
Intraoperative surgical events	34 (12.1)	24 (20.5)	10 (6.1)	< 0.001
Blood loss (mL)	50 (50, 100)	80 (50, 100)	50 (50, 100)	0.014
Blood loss ≥ 100 mL	115 (41.1)	58 (49.6)	57 (35.0)	0.019
Lung-protective ventilation	140 (50.0)	65 (55.5)	75 (46.0)	0.15
PRBC or FP infusion	20 (7.1)	12 (10.3)	8 (4.9)	0.102
Urine output (ml/kg/h)	2.0 (1.3, 3.3)	2.0 (1.3, 3.2)	2.1 (1.2, 3.5)	0.85
Lactic acid level (mmol/L)	0.69 ± 0.23	0.72 ± 0.20	0.67 ± 0.24	0.14
Hemoglobin level (g/L)	102 ± 18	102 ± 19	102 ± 16	0.98
Glucose level (mmol/L)	5.8 ± 1.0	5.8 ± 0.9	5.8 ± 1.0	0.69

Continuous data are reported as means ± standard deviations or medians (25th, 75th percentiles) and were compared using an independent t test or the Mann–Whitney U test, as appropriate. Categorical data are presented as numbers (proportions) and were compared using the Fisher exact test
PPLOS, prolonged postoperative length of stay; PLOS, postoperative length of stay; PRBC, packed red blood cell; FP, frozen plasma; NOSES, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery; Parks procedure, coloanal anastomosis; Dixon procedure, anterior rectal cancer resection; Miles procedure, abdominoperineal rectal cancer resection
Approach A (similar trends for PPLOS): Right hemicolectomy, Parks, or NOSES. Approach B (similar trends for PPLOS): Miles or left hemicolectomy. Approach C (similar surgical procedures): Dixon or sigmoidectomy. Intraoperative surgical events: positive anastomotic leakage test, reoperation or intestinal anastomosis twice, duration of non-pneumoperitoneum ≥ 2 h, or abdominal drainage ≥ 200 mL in the postoperative anesthesia care unit. Lung-protective ventilation: low tidal volume ventilation with an open-lung strategy

ISSN: 1471-2482