Table 2 Detailed characteristics of patients with biliary obstruction
Characteristics | Total (n = 120) | PBD group (n = 72) | No PBD group (n = 48) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD, year | 56.8 ± 11.9 | 57.4 ± 10.6 | 56.0 ± 13.8 | 0.641 |
Male gender, no. (%) | 83 (69.2) | 51 (70.8) | 32 (66.7) | 0.629 |
Symptoms | ||||
Duration, mean ± SD, days | 109 ± 125 | 136 ± 149 | 67 ± 50 | 0.031 |
Jaundice, no. (%) | 92 (98.9) | 60 (100) | 32 (97.0) | 0.355 |
Abdominal pain, no. (%) | 51 (64.6) | 33 (67.3) | 18 (60.0) | 0.508 |
Weight loss, no. (%) | 37 (48.7) | 22 (45.8) | 15 (53.6) | 0.515 |
Malaise, no. (%) | 25 (33.8) | 17 (37.0) | 8 (28.6) | 0.460 |
Nausea/ vomiting, no. (%) | 16 (20.8) | 10 (20.8) | 6 (20.7) | 0.988 |
Fever, no. (%) | 9 (10.7) | 8 (15.4) | 1 (3.1) | 0.143 |
Medical history | ||||
Diabetes, no. (%) | 24 (21.1) | 15 (21.7) | 9 (20.0) | 0.824 |
Hypertension, no. (%) | 31 (27.4) | 20 (29.4) | 11 (24.4) | 0.562 |
Coronary artery disease, no. (%) | 13 (11.7) | 8 (11.9) | 5 (11.4) | 0.926 |
Thyroid disease, no. (%) | 5 (4.5) | 2 (3.0) | 3 (6.8) | 0.383 |
Chronic renal failure, no. (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
Liver disease, no. (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
Neoadjuvant therapy, no. (%) | 7 (6.1) | 6 (8.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0.275 |
ASA score > 2 | 43 (39.1) | 26 (38.2) | 17 (40.5) | 0.815 |
Preop lab | ||||
WBC, mean ± SD, × 109 cells/l | 7.3 ± 2.7 | 6.8 ± 2.6 | 8.1 ± 2.8 | 0.078 |
Lymphopenia, no. (%) | 7 (11.9) | 3 (8.1) | 4 (18.2) | 0.407 |
Total bilirubin, mean ± SD, mg/dl | 7.9 ± 8.8 | 3.5 ± 4.6 | 14.9 ± 9.4 | < 0.001 |
Total bilirubin > 10 mg/dl, No. (%) | 31 (29.5) | 4 (6.2) | 27 (67.5) | < 0.001 |
Alkaline phosphatase, mean ± SD, U/l | 761 ± 641 | 487 ± 405 | 1139 ± 716 | < 0.001 |
Albumin, mean ± SD, g/dl | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 3.7 ± 0.5 | 0.473 |
Total protein, mean ± SD, g/dl | 6.4 ± 0.9 | 6.3 ± 0.9 | 6.5 ± 0.8 | 0.588 |
Creatinine, mean ± SD, mg/dl | 0.87 ± 0.23 | 0.92 ± 0.26 | 0.79 ± 0.15 | 0.044 |
Histopathology | ||||
Histology | 0.150 | |||
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, no. (%) | 39 (39.0) | 25 (40.3) | 14 (36.8) | – |
Ampullary cancer, no. (%) | 33 (33.0) | 25 (40.3) | 8 (21.1) | – |
Duodenal cancer, no. (%) | 10 (10.0) | 5 (8.1) | 5 (13.2) | – |
Neuroendocrine tumor, no. (%) | 4 (4.0) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (7.9) | – |
Distal cholangiocarcinoma, no. (%) | 6 (6.0) | 2 (3.2) | 4 (10.5) | – |
Other, no. (%) | 5 (5.0) | 3 (4.8) | 2 (5.3) | – |
Unknown, no. (%) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (1.6) | 2 (5.3) | – |
Tumor size, mean ± SD, mm | 31 ± 15 | 29 ± 16 | 35 ± 12 | 0.063 |
Operation | ||||
Harvested LNs, mean ± SD | 9.8 ± 6.9 | 9.7 ± 6.4 | 10.0 ± 7.7 | 0.820 |
Estimated blood loss, mean ± SD, ml | 978 ± 509 | 1012 ± 540 | 921 ± 457 | 0.577 |
Surgery duration, mean ± SD, minutes | 474 ± 143 | 480 ± 147 | 464 ± 139 | 0.925 |