Table 2 Characteristics of studies

Kun-Wu (2022) [7]

Retrospective

12 m

17

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

Real time using ultrasound

7

0

Fever

2

Lumbago

4

Hualin (2021) [8]

Retrospective

9–55 m

33

0

Laparoscopy

11

Massive hemorrhage

1

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

22

Persistent urine leakage

1

Yu (2021) [9]

Retrospective

6 m

90

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

7

Holmium laser surgery

43

2

Hematoma

4

1470-nm diode laser surgery

47

5

Transient fever

10

Lumbago

17

Baoxing (2020) [10]

Retrospective

6–26 m

31

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

Real time using ultrasound

31

0

0

Wen (2020) [11]

Retrospective

2 y

28

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

28

4

Transient fever

3

Hematuria

1

Kang (2018) [12]

Retrospective

15–24 m

11

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

0

Cystitis

2

Real time using ultrasound

7

Percutaneous renal cyst puncture and methylene blue solution w_as injected

3

Fiber endoscope was inserted into the parapelvic cavity and operator can see the light from the antegrade fiber endoscope

2

Wang (2018) [13]

Retrospective

12–36 m

19

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

8

NA

-

Jia (2017) [14]

Retrospective

3–24 m

6

Percutaneous ureteroscopy laser unroofing

Percutaneous renal cyst puncture and methylene blue solution was injected

11

NA

–

XiaWa (2015) [15]

Prospective

15 m

21

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

6

0

Urosepsis

1

Zhao (2015) [16]

NA

10–72 m

28

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

Real time using ultrasound

28

1

–

Weiwen (2015) [17]

Retrospective

12–24 m

35

Flexible ureteroscopic incision

35

0

Fever

1

Nephrocolic fistula

2

thrombogenesis in the cystic cavity

3

Luo (2014) [18]

Retrospective

12 m

15

flexible ureteroscopic incision

4

Bladder spasm

3

Hematuria

1

Korets (2011) [19]

Retrospective

3–6 m

49

Percutaneous Ablation

6

Persistent urine leakage

1

Bipolar

30

Monopolar

19