Table 1 Baseline and clinical characteristics of study participants

Mean age: years (95% CI))

34.4 (31.9–26.9)

32.9 (30.5–35.3)

45.2 (35.6–54.7)

0.002

Sex

0.335

 Female

35 (25.7)

29 (82.9)

6 (17.1)

 Male

101 (74.3)

90 (89.1)

11 (10.9)

Comorbidities

Cardiovascular disease

0.106

 No

134 (98.5)

118 (88.1)

16 (11.9)

 Yes

2 (1.5)

1 (50.0)

1 (50.0)

Chronic kidney disease

0.106

 No

134 (98.5)

118 (88.1)

16 (11.9)

 Yes

2 (1.5)

1 (50.0)

1 (50.0)

Malignancy

< 0.0001

 No

130 (95.6)

117 (90.0)

13 (10.0)

 Yes

6 (4.4)

2 (33.3)

4 (66.7)

Preoperative clinical parameters

sBP < 100mmHg

< 0.0001

 No

129 (94.9)

119 (92.2)

10 (7.8)

 Yes

7 (5.1)

0 (0)

7 (100)

RR > = 22 breaths/minute

0.336

 No

28 (20.6)

26 (92.9)

2 (7.1)

 Yes

108 (79.4)

93 (86.1)

15 (13.9)

SpO₂ < 90%

< 0.0001

 No

122 (89.7)

115 (94.3)

7 (5.7)

 Yes

14 (10.3)

4 (28.6)

10 (71.4)

AVPU scale not alert

< 0.0001

 No

127 (93.4)

118 (92.9)

9 (7.1)

 Yes

9 (6.6)

1 (11.1)

8 (88.9)

Mean hemoglobin level (g/dL)

13.7 (13.2–14.2)

14.0 (13.5–14.4)

11.8 (10.6–13.1)

0.002

White blood cell count (×10⁹/L)

0.094

 < 4

11 (8.1)

8 (72.7)

3 (27.3)

 4–12

78 (57.3)

72 (92.3)

6 (7.7)

 > 12

47 (34.6)

39 (83.0)

8(17.0)

Mean platelet count (×10³/uL)

305.9 (283.4–328.4)

313.6 (290.3–337.0)

251.9 (174.5–329.4)

0.073

Source of peritonitis

0.005

 Gastroduodenal

62 (45.6)

57 (91.9)

5 (8.1)

 Small bowel

22 (16.2)

18 (81.8)

4 (18.2)

 Appendiceal

24 (17.6)

24 (100)

0 (0)

 Colonic

12 (8.8)

8 (66.7)

4 (33.3)

 Hepatobiliary

1 (0.7)

0 (0)

1 (100)

 Genitourinary

2 (1.5)

2 (100)

0 (0)

 Others^b

13 (9.6)

10 (76.9)

3 (23.1)

Extend of peritonitis

0.096

 Localised

17 (12.5)

17 (100)

0 (0)

 Generalised

119 (87.5)

102 (85.7)

17 (14.3)

Reoperation

0.055

 Yes

14 (10.3)

10 (71.4)

4 (28.6)

 No

122 (89.7)

109 (89.3)

13 (10.7)