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Table 4 Risk factors of CR-POPF using the univariate and multivariate analyses

From: Risk factor analysis of postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy, with a focus on pancreas-visceral fat CT value ratio and serrated pancreatic contour

Factors

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

None POPF / BL (n = 165)

CR-POPF (n = 86)

P-value

β

Odds ratio

CI

P-value

Preoperative factors

       

Sex, male / female

90 / 75

57 / 29

0.073

    

Age, years

70 (3–87)

64 (20–89)

0.005

    

BMI, kg/m2

21.0 (14.0–30.4)

22.9 (13.6–34.7)

0.001

0.105

1.111

1.009–1.223

0.032

DM, n

52 (31.5%)

12 (14.0%)

0.002

− 1.33

0.265

0.123–0.567

0.001

PDAC, n

75 (45.5%)

30 (34.9%)

0.069

    

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy, n

41 (24.8%)

13 (15.1%)

0.075

    

Blood examination

       

White blood count, /μl

5,140 (2,410–12,430)

5,310 (2,530–12,910)

0.35

    

Albumin, g/dl

4.1 (2.5–5.0)

4.1 (2.9–5.2)

0.802

    

Creatinine, mg/dl

0.7 (0.4–2.6)

0.8 (0.4–1.7)

0.454

    

BUN, mg/dl

15.0 (6.0–37.0)

14.0 (5.0–32.0)

0.302

    

Cholesterol, mg/dl

187 (103–321)

191 (104–528)

0.135

    

Triglyceride, mg/dl

94 (30–328)

109 (34–426)

0.106

    

AMY, U/l

75.0 (9.0–1553.0)

74.0 (38.9–275.0)

0.667

    

CRP, mg/dl

0.07 (0.01–8.02)

0.11 (0.00–3.38)

0.024

    

NLR

2.2 (0.7–12.5)

2.3 (0.8–18.0)

0.978

    

PNR

151 (44–667)

153 (54–4,233)

0.996

    

PNI

48.0 (30.9–62.1)

48.7 (32.9–60.1)

0.412

    

Intraoperative factors

       

Operation time, min

311 (138–830)

337 (132–754)

0.237

    

Blood loss, ml

356 (0–5033)

515 (0–3520)

0.086

    

Laparoscopic surgery, n

59 (35.8%)

28 (32.6%)

0.359

    

without splenectomy, n

13 (7.9%)

12 (14.0%)

0.098

    

Combined PV resection, n

5 (3.0%)

3 (3.5%)

0.556

    

Combined CA resection, n

6 (3.6%)

4 (4.7%)

0.467

    

Stapler closer of pancreatic cut end, n

47 (28.5%)

19 (22.1%)

0.126

    

Simultaneous resection of AT, n

17 (10.3%)

10 (11.6%)

0.451

    

CT evaluation

       

Morphology, smooth / serrated

117 / 48

54 / 32

0.122

    

Pancreas thickness, mm

8.8 (4.0–22.0)

10.1 (4.6–20.7)

 < 0.001

0.199

1.22

1.092–1.363

 < 0.001

CT value

       

Pancreas, HU

41.0 (4.5–73.2)

44.2 (4.3–61.8)

0.018

    

PVFR

-0.41 (-4.88–-0.05)

-0.42 (-1.19–-0.04)

0.373

    

Hospital stays, days

16 (7–99)

36 (7–248)

 < 0.001

    
  1. Data are expressed as number (percentage), median (range), CR-POPF: clinically relevant - postoperative pancreatic fistula, BL biochemical leak, BMI body mass index, DM diabetes mellitus, PDAC: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, BUN blood urea nitrogen, AMY amylase, CRP C-reactive protein, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, PNR platelet-to-neutrophil ratio, PNI prognostic nutritional index, PV portal vein, CA celiac axis, AT alimentary tract, HU Hounsfield units, PVFR pancreas-visceral fat CT value ratio
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