Variables | Reference | Effect | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | p -value | HR | 95% CI | p -value | |||
Age |  |  | 1.023 | 1.003–1.043 | 0.023 | 1.033 | 1.012–1.054 | 0.002 |
Sex | M | F | 0.728 | 0.509–1.040 | 0.081 |  |  |  |
BMI (kg/m2) |  |  | 0.891 | 0.841–0.943 | < 0.001 | 0.891 | 0.840–0.946 | < 0.001 |
ASA score | 1 | 2 | 0.712 | 0.453–1.118 | 0.140 |  |  |  |
3 + 4 | 1.123 | 0.606–2.082 | 0.712 |  |  |  | ||
Preoperative DM | No | Yes | 1.222 | 0.846–1.764 | 0.284 |  |  |  |
Preoperative total bilirubin |  |  | 1.021 | 1.002–1.041 | 0.029 | 1.014 | 0.992–1.036 | 0.210 |
Preoperative biliary drainage | No | Yes | 1.279 | 0.831–1.969 | 0.263 |  |  |  |
Preoperative CA19-9 | < 37 | ≤ 37 | 1.935 | 1.390–2.695 | < 0.001 | 1.516 | 1.076–2.135 | 0.017 |
Procedure | PPPD | PRPD | 1.567 | 1.078–2.277 | 0.019 | 1.348 | 0.919–1.979 | 0.127 |
 |  | HPD | 1.856 | 0.993–3.468 | 0.052 | 2.093 | 1.075–4.075 | 0.030 |
 |  | TP | 1.205 | 0.168–8.652 | 0.853 | 1.841 | 0.249–13.632 | 0.550 |
Other organ resection | No | Yes | 0.807 | 0.299–2.180 | 0.672 |  |  |  |
Combined vascular resection | No | Yes | 1.307 | 0.687–2.487 | 0.414 |  |  |  |
Operation time (minutes) |  |  | 1.002 | 0.999–1.004 | 0.143 |  |  |  |
EBL | Â | Â | 1.000 | 1.000-1.001 | 0.302 | Â | Â | Â |
Intraoperative transfusion | No | Yes | 1.448 | 0.819–2.561 | 0.203 |  |  |  |
Tumor size |  |  | 1.058 | 0.938–1.193 | 0.361 |  |  |  |
T stage | T1 | T2 | 2.164 | 1.080–4.333 | 0.029 | 1.237 | 0.546–2.801 | 0.610 |
 |  | T3 | 2.949 | 1.584–5.490 | 0.001 | 1.803 | 0.840–3.869 | 0.130 |
Differentiation | Well | Mod | 2.154 | 1.041–4.458 | 0.039 | 1.047 | 0.438–2.502 | 0.918 |
 |  | Poor | 3.996 | 1.894–8.431 | < 0.001 | 1.819 | 0.744–4.447 | 0.189 |
 |  | Undiff | 1.758 | 0.373–8.284 | 0.475 | 0.549 | 0.106–2.860 | 0.477 |
 N stage | N0 | N1 | 1.869 | 1.302–2.682 | 0.001 | 1.634 | 1.129–2.366 | 0.009 |
 |  | N2 | 3.164 | 1.892–5.292 | < 0.001 | 2.600 | 1.530–4.419 | < 0.001 |
Resection status | R0 | R1 | 1.535 | 0.899–2.622 | 0.116 |  |  |  |
 |  | R2 | 2.577 | 0.636–10.436 | 0.185 |  |  |  |
PNI | No | Yes | 2.625 | 1.561–4.415 | < 0.001 | 1.299 | 0.625–2.697 | 0.483 |
LVI | No | Yes | 1.853 | 1.334–2.572 | < 0.001 | 1.233 | 0.777–1.957 | 0.375 |
Hospitalization (days) |  |  | 1.007 | 0.994–1.020 | 0.267 |  |  |  |
POPF | BL(no) | B | 1.287 | 0.776–2.135 | 0.329 |  |  |  |
 |  | C | 0.536 | 0.075–3.838 | 0.535 |  |  |  |
CDC classification | No | I | 0.921 | 0.128–6.622 | 0.934 |  |  |  |
 |  | II | 1.016 | 0.658–1.567 | 0.944 |  |  |  |
 |  | IIIa | 1.013 | 0.653–1.573 | 0.953 |  |  |  |
 |  | IIIb | 0.821 | 0.259–2.604 | 0.738 |  |  |  |
 |  | IVa | 1.320 | 0.608–2.865 | 0.482 |  |  |  |
Adjuvant treatment | No | Yes | 0.872 | 0.608–1.249 | 0.454 |  |  |  |