Table 1 Summary of gallbladder hemangiomas reported in literature
Reference | Age | Gender | Symptoms | Investigation | Pre-operative findings | Pre-operative diagnosis | Operation performed | Intra-operative findings | Size (cm) | Histopathological diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMID: 6020957 | 60 | M | Crampy epigastric pain | IV cholangiography | None | Post- cholecystectomy syndrome | Resection | Lobulated hemangiomatous mass in the gallbladder fossa | 8 × 6 | Cavernous hemangioma |
PMID: 5793686 | 43 | M | Vague abdominal pain | Oral cholecystogram | Intraluminal defect | Benign tumor of the fundus | Cholecystectomy | Purple tumor on the serosal surface of fundus | 2 × 1 | Cavernous hemangioma |
PMID: 4689894 | 57 | M | Crampy epigastric pain and obstructive jaundice | Oral cholecystogram | Non-functioning gallbladder | Cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis | Subtotal cholecystectomy | Enlarged gallbladder with intravisceral arterial bleeding associated to a gallbladder hemangioma involving the right side of the liver | 12 × 5 | Cavernous hemangioma |
PMID: 594053 | 62 | M | Symptoms suggestive for hepatic abscess | Post-mortem autopsy | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Cavernous hemangioma |
PMID: 3305129 | 11 | F | Pain in the right hypochondriac region | X-Ray, US, arteriography | Hyperechoic, lobular mass with phleboliths in lower right hepatic lobe | Cavernous hemangioma of the liver | Cholecystectomy | Large hemangioma involving the gallbladder posterior wall and hilum | 8 × 7 | Venous hemangioma |
PMID: 9129455 | 56 | M | Vague back pain | CT | Enhanced mass in gallbladder tail | Gallbladder adenomyomatosis vs adenocarcinoma | Extended cholecystectomy | White nodule in the gallbladder fundus within the hepatic bed | 2 × 0.8 | Arteriovenous hemangioma |
PMID: 9065585 | 50 | M | Pain in the right hypochondriac region, fever, nausea | CT | Large muticystic intraperitoneal mass extending from the subhepatic region to the right iliac fossa No gallbladder detected | Cystic mesenteric tumor | Cholecystectomy | Significant enlargement of gallbladder | 10 × 0.9 × 6 | Cavernous hemangioma |
PMID: 16459643 | 49 | F | None | US, CT | Echogenic, mildly enhanced mass of gallbladder fundus. Suspected invasion of the V liver segment | Gallbladder adenomyomatosis vs adenocarcinoma | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Purple lobulated mass within the gallbladder fundus wall involving the serosal surface with adhesion to liver | 3 | Cavernous hemangioma |
51 | F | None | Endoscopic US, CT | Slightly hyperdense homogeneous and not vascularized mass on gallbladder fundus | Gallbladder adenomyomatosis or submucosal tumor | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Dark-brown nodular lesion protruding from the gallbladder fundus | 1.8 × 1.7 | Cavernous hemangioma | |
PMID: 31123450 | 75 | M | None | CT, MRI | Calcified mass in the gallbladder | Gallbladder carcinoma | Extended cholecystectomy | Hardened and thickened gallbladder wall, adherent to the duodenum, transverse colon and bile duct | 10 × 8 × 5.5 | Cavernous hemangioma |
Present case | 76 | M | Heartburn and abdominal pain due to the coexistent cholelithiasis and cholecystitis | X-Ray and US | Multiple gallstones, a thickened gallbladder wall with mild edema of the perivisceral adipose tissue and a 12 mm hypoechogenic area in the liver consistent with a hepatic angioma | Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Subserosal nodule within the gallbladder fundus | 0.8 × 0.5 | Cavernous hemangioma |