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Table 5 Logistic regression analysis for screw misplacement

From: Rates and risk factors of intrapedicular accuracy and cranial facet joint violation among robot-assisted, fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous, and freehand techniques in pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar fractures: a comparative cohort study

Variables

Intra-pedicular accuracy

Cranial facet joint violation

B

Odds ratio

95% Confidence intervals

P

B

Odds ratio

95% Confidence intervals

P

Age

− 0.012

0.988

(0.964, 1.012)

0.315

− 0.026

0.974

(0.955, 0.994)

0.009

Male gender

0.245

1.277

(0.617, 2.643)

0.510

–

–

–

–

BMI

− 0.055

0.946

(0.871, 1.027)

0.185

–

–

–

–

Pedicle screw placement techniques

 RA

 

1.000

 

0.079

 

–

  

 FP

1.117

3.056

(1.129, 8.269)

0.028

–

–

–

–

 FH

0.738

2.091

(0.873, 5.008)

0.098

–

–

–

–

 Pedicle angle

− 0.070

0.932

(0.856, 1.014)

0.103

− 0.082

0.921

(0.859, 0.988)

0.022

Instrumental levels

 0T10

 

1.000

 

0.378

 

–

  

 5T11

− 0.332

0.718

(0.146, 3.538)

0.684

–

–

–

–

 6T12

− 0.820

0.440

(0.091, 2.129)

0.308

–

–

–

–

 1L1

− 0.161

0.851

(0.178, 4.078)

0.840

–

–

–

–

 2L2

− 0.341

0.711

(0.136, 3.714)

0.686

–

–

–

–

 3L3

− 1.854

0.157

(0.013, 1.934)

0.148

–

–

–

–

 4L4

0.609

1.839

(0.231, 14.653)

0.565

–

–

–

–

Facet joint osteoarthritis

 Normal

 

1.000

 

0.768

 

1.000

  

 Mild

− 0.435

0.647

(0.275, 1.523)

0.319

0.791

2.205

(0.898, 5.417)

0.085

 Moderate

− 0.172

0.842

(0.302, 2.348)

0.743

1.720

5.584

(2.100, 14.850)

0.001

 Severe

− 0.343

0.710

(0.143, 3.533)

0.675

2.481

11.956

(3.083, 46.363)

 < 0.001

Distance from skin to insertion point

− 0.242

0.785

(0.477, 1.291)

0.340

0.113

1.119

(0.768, 1.631)

0.558