RF group A (n = 7) | Non-RF group A (n = 46) | p | RF group B (n = 53) | Non-RF group B (n = 126) | p | RF group B (n = 37) | Non-RF group B (n = 46) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female, No. (%) | 3 (42.86) | 25 (54.35) | 0.570 | 26 (49.06) | 67 (53.17) | 0.615 | 15 (40.54) | 21 (45.65) | 0.640 |
Age, year (median, IQR) | 56 (44–60) | 54 (37–58) | 0.107 | 52 (39–60) | 53 (36–63) | 0.751 | 56 (37–67.5) | 54 (39–65) | 0.620 |
BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± SD) | 20 (19–20.5) | 19.5 (19–20.5) | 0.847 | 20 (19–21) | 20 (19–21) | 0.576 | 20 (19–20) | 19.5 (19–21) | 0.328 |
Etiology, No. (%) | 0.431 | 0.489 | 0.766 | ||||||
Trauma | 4 (57.14) | 14 (30.43) | 15 (28.30) | 32 (25.39) | 18 (48.64) | 19 (41.30) | |||
Obstruction due to previous surgerya | 0 | 9 (19.56) | 5 (9.43) | 20 (15.87) | 2 (5.41) | 2 (4.35) | |||
Mesenteric thrombosis | 0 | 2 (4.35) | 2 (3.77) | 4 (3.17) | 2 (5.41) | 1 (2.17) | |||
Tumour | 3 (42.86) | 16 (34.78) | 11 (20.75) | 45 (35.71) | 6 (16.21) | 12 (26.08) | |||
Appendicitis | 0 | 5 (10.87) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Pancreatitis | 0 | 0 | 12 (22.64) | 25 (19.84) | 9 (24.32) | 12 (26.09) | |||
Location of the fistula, No. (%) | 0.412 | 0.113 | 0.102 | ||||||
Duodenum | 3 (42.86) | 14 (30.43) | 22 (41.51) | 40 (31.75) | 18 (48.64) | 17 (36.96) | |||
Stomach | 1 (14.29) | 4 (8.69) | 0 | 4 (3.17) | 1 (2.7) | 0 | |||
Gastrojejunal anastomotic | 1 (14.29) | 0 | 7 (13.20) | 9 (7.14) | 7 (18.92) | 4 (8.69) | |||
Jejunum/ileum | 0 | 12 (26.08) | 9 (16.98) | 40 (31.75) | 4 (10.81) | 16 (34.78) | |||
Ileocolonic anastomosis or appendiceal stumpb | 0 | 11 (23.91) | 1 (1.89) | 7 (5.55) | 1 (2.7) | 3 (6.52) | |||
Colon | 2 (28.57) | 5 (10.87) | 14 (26.41) | 26 (20.63) | 6 (16.21) | 6 (13.04) | |||
Interval from fistula occurred to admission, days, (median, IQR) | 21 (14–30) | 23 (14–29) | 0.182 | 23 (20–32) | 23 (20–30) | 0.575 | 24 (20–34) | 24 (22–34) | 0.771 |
Interval from fistula occurred to definitive surgery, days, (median, IQR) | 125 (105–141) | 120 (102–129) | 0.198 | 121 (109–140) | 120 (105–138) | 0.509 | 126 (114–144) | 122 (110–135) | 0.176 |
Enteroatmospheric fistula, No. (%) | 2 (28.57) | 3 (6.52) | 0.124 | 22 (41.51) | 43 (34.12) | 0.384 | 22 (59.46) | 19 (41.30) | 0.100 |
Preoperative albumin, g/L, (median, IQR) | 37 (35–40) | 38 (36–39) | 0.690 | 38 (36–39) | 37 (36–39) | 0.695 | 37 (36–38) | 38 (36–39) | 0.107 |
Preoperative hemoglobin, g/L, (median, IQR) | 112 (110–125) | 119 (111–125) | 0.867 | 117 (110–124) | 121 (115–126) | 0.035 | 118 (114–126) | 121 (114–124) | 0.656 |
Grade of abdominal adhesions, No. (%) | 0.031 | 0.037 | 0.576 | ||||||
III | 3 (42.86) | 37 (80.43) | 7 (13.21) | 14 (11.11) | N/A | N/A | |||
IV | 4 (57.14) | 9 (19.56) | 26 (49.06) | 86 (68.25) | 10 (27.02) | 10 (21.74) | |||
V | N/A | N/A | 20 (37.74) | 26 (23.02) | 27 (72.98) | 36 (78.26) | |||
Blood loss during definitive surgery, mL (median, IQR) | 800 (700–1100) | 600 (500–700) | < 0.001 | 1500 (1250–1600) | 1250 (1000–1537) | 0.002 | 2250 (1650–2850) | 2041 (1265–2633) | < 0.001 |
Duration of definitive surgery, min (median, IQR) | 163 (141–170) | 138 (131–150) | 0.003 | 228 (211–246) | 230 (206–253) | 0.534 | 278 (227–315) | 268 (234–305) | 0.985 |
Intraoperative red blood cell transfusion, Unit (median, IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–2) | 0.671 | 4 (4–4) | 4 (4–4) | 0.359 | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–6) | 0.599 |
Postoperative red blood cell transfusion within 48 h after definitive surgeryb, Unit (median, IQR) | 3 (3–4) | 2 (0–3) | 0.001 | 6 (6–7) | 4 (4–6) | < 0.001 | 10 (6–11) | 9 (5–11) | < 0.001 |
Postoperative Albumin transfusion within 48 h after definitive surgeryc, g (median, IQR) | 60 (40–80) | 40 (20–50) | 0.003 | 100 (85–160) | 120 (120–180) | 0.008 | 200 (100–210) | 180 (170–190) | < 0.001 |
Postoperative positive fluid balance 48 h after surgery, No. (%) | 3 (42.86) | 8 (17.39) | 0.122 | 24 (19.04) | 30 (23.81) | 0.004 | 28 (75.68) | 26 (56.52) | 0.069 |
Time for lactate recovery to < 2 mmol/L after definitive surgery, hours (median, IQR) | 24 (12–24) | 12 (12–24) | 0.387 | 48 (IQR 48–72) | 24 (IQR: 24–48) | p < 0.001 | 72 (IQR 48–72) | 48 (IQR:24–48) | p < 0.001 |
Comorbidity, No. (%) | |||||||||
Hypertension | 0 | 2 (4.35) | 1.000 | 5 (9.43) | 10 (7.93) | 0.302 | 4 (10.81) | 5 (10.87) | 1.000 |
Diabetes mellitus | 1 (14.28) | 0 | 0.132 | 6 (11.32) | 7 (5.56) | 0.175 | 6 (16.22) | 4 (8.69) | 0.295 |
Chronic hepatitis | 1 (14.29) | 1 (2.17) | 0.249 | 2 (3.77) | 4 (3.17) | 1.000 | 2 (5.41) | 1 (2.17) | 0.583 |