Table 4 Summary of study and patient characteristics
Study | Study type | Patients (M/F) | Mean ages (years) | Mean defect sizes (cm, range) | Treatment type (trifocal/bifocal) | Bone union rate | Bony results (excellent/good/fair/poor) | Functional results (excellent/good/fair/poor) | EFI (days/cm) | Follow-up (months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abuomira et al. [41] | IBT | 55 (44/11) | 41.5 | 7.1 (3–17) | 29/26 | 89% | 28/18/5/4 | 25/21/5/4 | nr | 50 |
Bernstein et al. [42] | IBT | 30 (24/6) | 43 | 5.7 (1.6–12) | 0/30 | 77% | 27/2/0/1 | 27/1/0/0 | nr | 33 |
Meleppuram et al. [43] | IBT | 42 (32/10) | 38 | nr (2.5–5.5) | nr/36 | 100% | 25/6/11/0 | 23/13/2/4 | nr | 14 |
Kinik et al. [44] | IBT | 30 (28/2) | 39.5 | 8.1 (6–15) | 0/30 | 96.66% | 22/6/0/0 | 19/7/2/0 | 44.7 | 32.5 |
Fahad et al. [45] | IBT | 51 (41/10) | 45.7 | 3.5 (2–5) | 0/51 | 96% | 22/19/7/3 | 24/21/4/2 | 60 | 36.8 |
Rohilla et al. [46] | IBT | 70 (62/8) | 31.3 | 5.8 (3–9) vs 5.8 (3–10) | 0/70 | 77% vs 80% | 35/27/3/5 | 38/27/1/3 | 63.6 vs 63.3 | 33.8 vs 32.6 |
Catagni et al. [21] | IBT | 86 (77/9) | 42 vs 43 | 13.5 (10.5–16.5) vs 12.5 (9.6–14.4) | 41/45 | 100% | 68/11/3/4 | 47/21/14/4 | 41/44 | nr |
Zhang et al. [47] | IBT | 16 (9/7) | 39.1 | 10.9 (6–20) | 16/0 | 100% | 10/0/6/0 | 12/4/0/0 | 33 | 29.5 |
Li et al. [48] | IBT | 26 (20/6) | 40.4 | 10.7 (7.5–15) vs 7.2 (5.8–9) | 13/13 | 100% | 20/0/6/0 | 22/4/0/0 | 36.6 vs 75.6 | 28.5 |
Paley et al. [49] | IBT | 19 (14/5) | 38 | 10.7 (2–20) | 6/13 | 100% | 15/3/1/0 (paley) | 12/6/1/0 (paley) | 51 | 78 |
Tone et al. [50] | IM | 20 (15/5) | 39.9 | 6.69 | – | 100% | 5/10/4/1 | 8/9/3/0 | 54.9 | 23.2 |
Morris et al. [11] | IM | 12 (9/3) | 35 | 5.8 (2–15) | – | 42% | nr | nr | nr | 22.5 |
El-Alfy et al. [51] | IM | 15 (12/3) | 32 | 8 (5–14) | – | 87% | nr | nr | nr | 23 |
Present study | IM + IBT | 18 (12/6) | 40.4 | 6.8 (6–8.2) | 18/0 | 100% | 6/8/3/1 | 4/10/2/2 | 37.1 | 28.5 |