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Table 4 The outcomes and postoperative details of three groups

From: Laparoscopic pancreatectomy for benign or low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors: outcomes in a single high-volume institution

Variables

LPPPD n = 83

LCP n = 20

LSPDP n = 41

P value

P1

P2

Tumor size (cm)

3.8 ± 1.1

2.8 ± 0.8

3.6 ± 2.2

< 0.001

0.060

OT (min)

300.4 ± 89.7

197.5 ± 30.5

174.8 ± 46.4

< 0.001

0.027

Conversion (n, %)

1 (1.2%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1.000

NA†

EBL (mL)

140.0 (50.0–1000.0)

50.0 (20.0–200.0)

100.0 (20.0–300.0)

< 0.001

0.039

BT (n, %)

2 (2.4%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1.000

NA†

POHS (days)

11.0 (9.0–14.0)

14.5 (12.3–23.0)

10.0 (9.0–11.0)

< 0.001

< 0.001

CR-POPF (n, %)

3 (3.6%)

8 (40.0%)

3 (7.3%)

< 0.001

0.006

PPH (n, %)

0 (0%)

2 (10.0%)

0 (0%)

0.036

0.104

DGE (n, %)

5 (6.0%)

3 (15.0%)

1 (2.4%)

0.378

0.090

Reoperation*

0 (0%)

1 (5.0%)

0 (0%)

0.194

0.328

CL (n, %)

1 (1.2%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1.000

NA†

Biliary fistula

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

NA†

NA†

Complications (Clavien—Dindo ≥ Grade 3)

2 (2.4%)

4 (20.0%)

0 (0%)

0.012

0.009

90-Day mortality

0 (0.0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

NA†

NA†

Follow-up

 Postoperative pancreatitis

5 (6.0%)

2 (10.0%)

0 (0%)

0.889

0.104

 Pancreatin treatment

33 (39.8%)

3 (15.0%)

10 (24.4%)

0.037

0.390

 Insulin treatment

15 (18.1%)

0 (0%)

5 (12.2%)

0.040

0.041

  1. Bold value indicates statistical significance (P < 0.05; P1: LPPPD group vs. LCP group; P2: LSPDP group vs. LCP group)
  2. LPPPD laparoscopic pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, LSPDP laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy, LCP laparoscopic central Pancreatectomy, OT operative time, EBL estimated blood loss, BT blood transfusion, POHS post-operative hospital stay, CR-POPF clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula, PPH post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage, DGE delayed gastric emptying, CL Chylous leakage
  3. *Reoperation: only including open surgery, laparoscopic surgery and interventional surgery
  4. †NA: Not Applicable