Table 1 Study population characteristics
A. Baseline characteristics | |
|---|---|
Characteristics | n = 168 |
Inclusion center (%) | |
Reims University Hospital | 70 (41.7) |
Reims Courlancy Clinic | 12 (7.1) |
Amiens University Hospital | 60 (35.7) |
Strasbourg University Hospital | 26 (15.5) |
Male (%) | 71 (57.7) |
Age, years (median [IQR]) | 66 [58.00, 71.00] |
BMI, kg/m2 (median [IQR]) | 25.33 [22.49, 28.58] |
Performance status (%) | |
0 | 70 (41.7) |
1 | 27 (16.1) |
2 | 4 (2.4) |
NA | 67 (39.9) |
Clinical symptoms at presentation (%) | |
Jaundice | 116 (69.0) |
Abdominal pain | 53 (31.5) |
Weight loss | 5 (3.0) |
Incidentaloma | 6 (3.6) |
Other | 26 (15.5) |
NA | 1 (0.6) |
Diagnosed during hospital stay (%) | 75 (44.6) |
Imaging technique used for diagnosis (%) | |
Computed tomography | 85 (50.6) |
Echography | 18 (10.7) |
Echoendoscopy | 37 (22.0) |
MRI | 21 (12.5) |
Other | 5 (3.0) |
NA | 2 (1.2) |
Tumor location (%) | |
Head | 134 (79.8) |
Body | 13 (7.7) |
Tail | 18 (10.7) |
NA | 3 (1.8) |
Lymphadenopathy at imaging (%) | 27 (16.1) |
Endoscopic biliary drainage (%) | 58 (34.5) |
Radiological biliary drainage (%) | 6 (3.6) |
Total bilirubin (µmol/L) (median [IQR]) | 54.00 [9.47, 185.25] |
Conjugated bilirubin (µmol/L) (median [IQR]) | 46.00 [7.20, 148.50] |
Neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (median [IQR])† | 2.67 [2.00, 3.82] |
Time to decision (days) (median [IQR]) | 9.50 [1.00, 30.50] |
Time to surgery (days) (median [IQR]) | 19.00 [12.00, 36.00] |
B. Surgery procedure, histopathological, and follow up characteristics | |
|---|---|
Characteristics | n = 168 |
Type of resection (%) | |
Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 131 (78.0) |
Splenopancreatectomy | 28 (16.7) |
Left pancreatectomy | 4 (2.4) |
Total pancreatectomy | 5 (3.0) |
Vein resection (%) | 69 (41.1) |
Organ resection (%)a,b | 10 (6.0) |
T (%) | |
1 | 3 (1.8) |
2 | 25 (14.9) |
3 | 128 (76.2) |
4 | 9 (5.4) |
x | 1 (0.6) |
NA | 2 (1.2) |
N (%)b | |
0 | 37 (22.0) |
1 | 129 (76.8) |
x | 1 (0.6) |
NA | 1 (0.6) |
M (%)a,b | |
0 | 157 (93.5) |
1 | 9 (5.4) |
x | 2 (1.2) |
Number of lymphatic nodes sampled (median [IQR]) | 19.00 [12.00, 25.00] |
Number of invaded lymph nodes (median [IQR])b | 2.00 [1.00, 4.00] |
Invaded/sampled lymph nodes (median [IQR]) | 0.08 [0.00, 0.20] |
Resection status (%)b | |
0 | 105 (62.5) |
1 | 62 (36.9) |
NA | 1 (0.6) |
Microscopic vascular invasion (%) | |
Yes | 103 (61.3) |
No | 25 (14.9) |
NA | 40 (23.8) |
Perineural invasion (%) | |
Yes | 137 (81.5) |
No | 10 (6.0) |
NA | 21 (12.5) |
Length of stay (days) (median [IQR]) | 19.00 [14.00, 27.50] |
Postoperative complications (%) | |
Yes | 109 (64.9) |
No | 50 (29.8) |
NA | 9 (5.4) |
Hemorrhage (%)a,b | |
Yes | 22 (13.1) |
No | 87 (51.8) |
NA | 59 (35.1) |
Fistula (%)a,b | |
Yes | 42 (25.0) |
Fistula grade (%) | |
1 A | 22 (52.4) |
2 B | 13 (31) |
3 C | 6 (14.3) |
NA | 1 (2.4) |
No | 66 (39.3) |
NA | 60 (35.7) |
Dindo-Clavien classification (%) | |
Benign | 124 (73.8) |
0 | 63 (37.5) |
1 | 18 (10.7) |
2 | 43 (25.6) |
Severea,b | 41 (24.4) |
3a | 11 (6.5) |
3b | 13 (7.7) |
4a | 5 (3.0) |
4b | 2 (1.2) |
5 | 10 (6.0) |
NA | 3 (1.8) |
Follow-up (days) (median [IQR]) | 651.5 [374, 1077.2] |
Adjuvant chemotherapy (%) | 141 (83.9) |
Number of chemotherapy cycles (median [IQR]) | 6.00 [5.50, 6.00] |
Adjuvant radiotherapy (%) | 13 (7.7) |
Disease recurrence (%) | 128 (76.2) |
Local disease recurrence (%) | 6 (3.6) |
Lymph node recurrence (%) | 37 (40.7) |
Liver recurrence (%)a | 45 (49.5) |
Peritoneal recurrence (%) | 15 (16.5) |
Other (%) | 25 (27.5) |
Disease-free survival (days) (median [IQR]) | 363.00 [214.75, 534.25] |
Death (%) | 114 (67.9) |