From: Postoperative complications: an observational study of trends in the United States from 2012 to 2018
Procedure year | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | All |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Individuals | 543,815 | 651,770 | 750,792 | 885,350 | 1,000,195 | 1,028,574 | 1,020,333 | 5,880,829 |
Age; years | 58 [45–69] | 58 [45–69] | 58 [44–69] | 58 [45–69] | 58 [45–69] | 58 [45–69] | 59 [45–70] | 58 [45–69] |
Sex; male | 232,164 (42.7%) | 276,715 (42.5%) | 324,125 (43.2%) | 384,005 (43.4%) | 434,783 (43.5%) | 443,156 (43.1%) | 437,897 (42.9%) | 2,532,845 (43.1%) |
BMI; kg/m2 | 28.3 [24.4–33.5] | 28.4 [24.4–33.7] | 28.7 [24.5–33.8] | 28.7 [24.7–33.9] | 28.9 [24.8–34.0] | 28.9 [24.9–34.1] | 28.9 [24.9–34.0] | 28.6 [24.8–33.9] |
Surgery duration | 86 min [50–144] | 86 min [50–143] | 86 min [50–142] | 84 min [50–139] | 84 min [50–138] | 85 min [51–139] | 85 min (51–141) | 85 min [50–140] |
Ethnicity: | ||||||||
American Indian/ Alaska Native | 2,639 (0.5%) | 4,205 (0.6%) | 5,390 (0.7%) | 5,563 (0.6%) | 5,408 (0.5%) | 5,109 (0.5%) | 5,145 (0.5%) | 33,459 (0.6%) |
Asian | 16,423 (3.0%) | 18,845 (2.9%) | 21,080 (2.8%) | 24,002 (2.7%) | 26,504 (2.6%) | 29,518 (2.9%) | 30,423 (3.0%) | 166,795 (2.8%) |
Black or African American | 50,557 (9.3%) | 62,767 (9.6%) | 75,877 (10.1%) | 88,936 (10.0%) | 100,507 (10.0%) | 105,298 (10.2%) | 102,018 (10.0%) | 585,960 (10.0%) |
Hispanic | 5,688 (1.0%) | 8,436 (1.3%) | 11,258 (1.5%) | 13,635 (1.5%) | 17,953 (1.8%) | 22,131 (2.2%) | 24,678 (2.4%) | 103,779 (1.8%) |
Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander | 2,336 (0.4%) | 2.722 (0.4%) | 3,103 (0.4%) | 3,469 (0.4%) | 3,768 (0.4%) | 3,762 (0.4%) | 3,616 (0.4%) | 22,776 (0.4%) |
White | 403,719 (74.2%) | 483,949 (74.3%) | 551,803 (73.5%) | 640,518 (72.3%) | 705,368 (70.5%) | 722,782 (70.3%) | 700,901 (68.7%) | 4,209,040 (71.6%) |
Unknown/ Not reported | 62,453 (11.5%) | 70,844 (10.9%) | 82,281 (11.0%) | 109,227 (12.3%) | 140,687 (14.1%) | 139,974 (13.6%) | 153,552 (15.0%) | 759,018 12.9% |
Comorbidities | ||||||||
Hypertension requiring medication | 249,610 (45.9%) | 298,722 (45.8%) | 337,796 (45.0%) | 398,197 (45.0%) | 447,427 (44.7%) | 458,267 (44.5%) | 448,949 (44.0%) | 2,638,968 (44.9%) |
Diabetes | 82,348 (15.1%) | 99,985 (15.3%) | 114,839 (15.3%) | 136,865 (15.5%) | 156,468 (15.6%) | 160,816 (15.6%) | 157,897 (15.5%) | 909,218 (15.5%) |
COPD | 25,054 (4.6%) | 30,229 (4.6%) | 34,304 (4.6%) | 40,980 (4.6%) | 43,711 (4.4%) | 43,623 (4.2%) | 42,115 (4.1%) | 260,016 (4.4%) |
Ascites | 2,495 (0.5%) | 2,616 (0.4%) | 2,832 (0.4%) | 3,182 (0.4%) | 3,016 (0.3%) | 2,991 (0.3%) | 2,896 (0.3%) | 20,028 (0.3%) |
Congestive heart failure | 4,119 (0.8%) | 5,421 (0.8%) | 6,626 (0.9%) | 8,221 (0.9%) | 8,800 (0.9%) | 8,538 (0.8%) | 8,548 (0.8%) | 50,273 (0.9%) |
Dialysis | 7,631 (1.4%) | 9,062 (1.4%) | 10,101 (1.3%) | 11,985 (1.4%) | 13,070 (1.3%) | 13,206 (1.3%) | 13,049 (1.3%) | 78,104 (1.3%) |
Disseminated cancer | 11,287 (2.1%) | 14,846 (2.3%) | 17,846 (2.3%) | 20,472 (2.3%) | 22,355 (2.2%) | 23,566 (2.3%) | 23,252 (2.3%) | 133,624 (2.3%) |
Sepsis | 29,103 (5.4%) | 33,796 (5.2%) | 39,512 (5.3%) | 47,468 (5.4%) | 54,688 (5.5%) | 57,643 (5.6%) | 57,067 (5.6%) | 319,277 (5.4%) |
Surgical subspecialty: | ||||||||
Cardiac | 4,028 (0.7%) | 3,093 (0.5%) | 3,693 (0.5%) | 4,033 (0.5%) | 4,281 (0.4%) | 4,012 (0.4%) | 4,060 (0.4%) | 27,200 (0.5%) |
General surgery | 277,926 (51.1%) | 322,058 (49.4%) | 360,397 (48.0%) | 409,231 (46.2%) | 445,639 (44.5%) | 444,203 (43.2%) | 432,703 (42.4%) | 2,692,157 (45.8%) |
Gynecology | 36,941 (6.8%) | 46,645 (7.2%) | 55,339 (7.4%) | 65,653 (7.4%) | 77,744 (7.8%) | 92,077 (9.0%) | 98,826 (9.7%) | 473,225 (8.0%) |
Neurosurgery | 23,585 (4.3%) | 32,640 (5.0%) | 37,442 (5.0%) | 46,665 (5.3%) | 53,127 (5.3%) | 54,856 (5.3%) | 53,632 (5.3%) | 301,947 (5.1%) |
Orthopedics | 92,592 (17.0%) | 122,036 (18.7%) | 153,320 (20.4%) | 197,868 (22.3%) | 235,029 (23.5%) | 243,991 (23.7%) | 250,977 (24.6%) | 1,295,813 (22.0%) |
Otolaryngology (ENT) | 14,621 (2.7%) | 17,001 (2.6%) | 20,859 (2.8%) | 24,658 (2.8%) | 28,147 (2.8%) | 27,891 (2.7%) | 26,648 (2.6%) | 159,825 (2.7%) |
Plastics | 14,777 (2.7%) | 18,440 (2.8%) | 21,108 (2.8%) | 24,596 (2.8%) | 29,382 (2.9%) | 31,124 (3.0%) | 31,706 (3.1%) | 171,133 (2.9%) |
Thoracic | 7397 (1.4%) | 8375 (1.3%) | 9420 (1.3%) | 9788 (1.1%) | 11,323 (1.1%) | 12,298 (1.2%) | 12,458 (1.2%) | 71,059 (1.2%) |
Urology | 29,044 (5.3%) | 34,015 (5.2%) | 39,632 (5.3%) | 49,184 (5.6%) | 57,963 (5.8%) | 61,140 (5.9%) | 60,039 (5.9%) | 331,017 (5.6%) |
Vascular | 42,904 (7.9%) | 47,467 (7.3%) | 49,582 (6.6%) | 53,674 (6.1%) | 57,560 (5.8%) | 56,981 (5.5%) | 49,284 (4.8%) | 357,452 (6.1%) |