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Table 2 Trends in the incidence of surgical site infections in Japan, 2012–2017

From: Increasing rates of laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery and decreasing rates of surgical site infections: an observational study in Japan from 2012–2017

Surgical technique

Variable

Rate per year

Chi2

p-value

Esophagectomy

All

− 0.03

6.09

0.01*

 

Male

− 0.03

4.44

0.04*

 

Female

0.01

10.36

 < 0.01*

 

Emergency surgery

− 0.09

1.50

0.22

 

Elective surgery

− 0.03

2.81

0.09

 

Laparoscopic surgery

− 0.03

4.08

0.04*

 

Open surgery

− 0.04

6.78

0.01*

Gastrectomy

All

− 0.01

0.79

0.37

 

Male

− 0.04

6.48

0.01*

 

Female

0.03

1.02

0.31

 

Emergency surgery

− 0.08

13.91

 < 0.01*

 

Elective surgery

0.02

0.82

0.36

 

Laparoscopic surgery

0.04

1.56

0.21

 

Open surgery

 < 0.01

0.01

0.94

Total gastrectomy

All

− 0.04

16.30

 < 0.01*

 

Male

− 0.03

5.51

0.02*

 

Female

 < 0.01

0.02

0.89

 

Emergency surgery

− 0.07

1.84

0.17

 

Elective surgery

− 0.02

3.27

0.07

 

Laparoscopic surgery

− 0.05

4.57

0.03*

 

Open surgery

− 0.03

9.46

 < 0.01*

Distal gastrectomy

All

− 0.01

0.52

0.47

 

Male

− 0.03

4.44

0.04*

 

Female

− 0.01

0.06

0.80

 

Emergency surgery

− 0.08

4.66

0.03*

 

Elective surgery

 < 0.01

0.08

0.78

 

Laparoscopic surgery

0.02

1.19

0.28

 

Open surgery

 < 0.01

0.06

0.81

Small bowel surgery

All

− 0.03

13.68

 < 0.01*

 

Male

− 0.02

3.72

0.05

 

Female

− 0.03

6.53

0.01*

 

Emergency surgery

− 0.03

8.99

 < 0.01*

 

Elective surgery

− 0.02

1.73

0.19

 

Stoma

− 0.02

1.14

0.29

 

No stoma

− 0.03

8.70

 < 0.01*

Colon surgery

All

− 0.04

117.71

 < 0.01*

 

Male

− 0.03

42.18

 < 0.01*

 

Female

− 0.03

22.90

 < 0.01*

 

Emergency surgery

 < 0.01

3237.22

 < 0.01*

 

Elective surgery

− 0.03

45.94

 < 0.01*

 

Laparoscopic surgery

− 0.01

0.75

0.39

 

Open surgery

 < 0.01

0.01

0.94

 

Stoma

− 0.05

36.37

 < 0.01*

 

No stoma

− 0.03

39.55

 < 0.01*

Rectal surgery

All

− 0.03

33.33

 < 0.01*

 

Male

− 0.02

10.04

 < 0.01*

 

Female

− 0.03

6.29

0.01*

 

Emergency surgery

− 0.05

10.02

 < 0.01*

 

Elective surgery

− 0.02

14.48

 < 0.01*

 

Laparoscopic surgery

 < 0.01

 < 0.01

1.00

 

Open surgery

− 0.02

35.80

 < 0.01*

 

Stoma

− 0.03

16.78

 < 0.01*

 

No stoma

− 0.03

12.06

 < 0.01*

  1. Chi2 chi-square value with 1 degree of freedom
  2. *Significant result
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