Table 2 Percentages of hernia repair procedures according to recorded procedures in total compared by age group separately by sexes
From: Inguinal hernia repair in inpatient children: a nationwide analysis of German administrative data
Type of procedure | Sex | Age group | Mean (95% CI) | Omnibus test | Groupwise comparison | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Open hernia repair | M |  < 1 | 98.8% (98.4–99.1) | Χ2 = 20.508 df = 3 P = 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.5781 |  < 1 vs. 5–9: P = 0.0727 | |
1–4 | 98.8% (98.4–99.2) |  < 1 vs. 10–14: P = 0.0001 | 1–4 vs. 5–9: P = 0.025 | ||||
5–9 | 98.1% (97.4–98.7) | 1–4 vs. 10–14: P < 0.0001 | |||||
10–14 | 97% (96.2–97.6) | 5–9 vs. 10–14: P = 0.0214 | |||||
F |  < 1 | 97.7% (97.2–98.2) | Χ2 = 23.199 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.001 |  < 1 vs.: 5–9: P < 0.0001 | ||
1–4 | 91.4% (88.8–93.8) |  < 1 vs. 10–14: P < 0.0001 | 1–4 vs. 5–9: P = 0.288 | ||||
5–9 | 88.8% (85–92.4) | 1–4 vs. 10–14: P = 0.045 | |||||
10–14 | 86.3% (82.9–89.4) | 5–9 vs. 10–14: P = 0.288 | |||||
Laparoscopic hernia repair | M |  < 1 | 1.2% (0.9–1.6) | Χ2 = 21.114 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.589 |  < 1 vs.: 5–9: P = 0.074 | |
1–4 | 1.2% (0.8–1.6) |  < 1 vs. 10–14: P < 0.0001 | 1–4 vs. 5–9: P = 0.027 | ||||
5–9 | 1.9% (1.3–2.6) | 1–4 vs. 10–14: P < 0.0001 | |||||
10–14 | 2.9% (2.4–3.6) | 5–9 vs. 10–14: P = 0.014 | |||||
F |  < 1 | 2.3% (1.8–2.8) | Χ2 = 23.199 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.001 |  < 1 vs.: 5–9: P < 0.0001 | ||
1–4 | 8.6% (6.2–11.2) |  < 1 vs. 10–14: P < 0.0001 | 1–4 vs. 5–9: P = 0.288 | ||||
5–9 | 11.2% (7.6–15) | 1–4 vs. 10–14: P = 0.045 | |||||
10–14 | 13.7% (10.6–17.1) | 5–9 vs. 10–14: P = 0.288 | |||||
Open herniorraphy | M |  < 1 | 78.5% (77.9–79) | Χ2 = 32.247 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.0051 | ||
1–4 | 81% (80–82.2) |  < 1 vs. 5–9: P = 0.0254 | |||||
5–9 | 80.3% (78.7–82) | 1–4 vs. 5–9: 0.4867 | |||||
10–14 | 67.9% (65–70.4) | Other comparisons: P < 0.0001 | |||||
F |  < 1 | 69.9% (69–70.9) | Χ2 = 28.269 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.84 | |||
1–4 | 69.8% (68.7–70.9) |  < 1 vs. 5–9: P = 0.84 | |||||
5–9 | 69.6% (67.8–71.3) | 1–4 vs. 5–9: P = 0.84 | |||||
10–14 | 50.4% (47.2–53.8) | Other comparisons: P < 0.0001 | |||||
Open hernioplasty | M |  < 1 | 21.1% (20.5–21.7) | Χ2 = 32.246 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.0071 | ||
1–4 | 18.6% (17.3–19.7) |  < 1 vs. 5–9: P = 0.0147 | |||||
5–9 | 19% (17.3–20.7) | 1–4 vs. 5–9: 0.7215 | |||||
10–14 | 30.2% (27.8–33) | Other comparisons: P < 0.0001 | |||||
F |  < 1 | 29.9% (28.8–30.8) | Χ2 = 27.765 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.79 | |||
1–4 | 30.1% (28.8–31.1) |  < 1 vs. 5–9: P = 0.79 | |||||
5–9 | 29.7% (27.8–31.7) | 1–4 vs. 5–9: 0.74 | |||||
10–14 | 48% (43.7–52) | Other comparisons: P < 0.0001 | |||||
Recurrent hernia | M |  < 1 | 0.6% (0.5–0.7) | Χ2 = 24.698 df = 3 P < 0.0001 |  < 1 vs. 1–4: P = 0.022 |  < 1 vs. 5–9: P < 0.0001 | |
1–4 | 1.6% (1.3–1.9) |  < 1 vs. 10–14: P < 0.0001 | 1–4 vs. 5–9: P = 0.022 | ||||
5–9 | 2.5% (2–3) | 1–4 vs. 10–14: P = 0.001 | |||||
10–14 | 3.1% (2.4–3.7) | 5–9 vs. 10–14: P = 0.225 | |||||
F |  < 1 | 0.3% (0.2–0.4) | Χ2 = 37.525 df = 3 P < 0.0001 | 1–4 vs. 5–9: P = 0.0865 | |||
1–4 | 1% (0.8–1.2) | 5–9 vs. 10–14: P = 0.0001 | |||||
5–9 | 1.3% (1.1–1.6) | Other comparisons: P < 0.0001 | |||||
10–14 | 2.6% (2–3.2) | ||||||