Fig. 6

Comparing the findings from gastroscopy before surgery and 6 months after surgery. a Preoperative gastroscopy reveals a large hernia sac (red dotted circle) protruding into the chest. b A schematic diagram of the hiatal hernia. c The hernia sac disappeared after Nissen fundoplication, and the gastric fundus flap was visible (red dotted line). d A schematic diagram showing the results of the Nissen fundoplication. e Gastroscopy suggesting that the patient had severe esophagitis prior to the TLSA. f Gastroscopic examination 6 months after surgery indicating that the esophagitis has improved. The picture depicted in Fig. 6 was my own based on the actual gastroscopic photograph