Fig. 5From: A new technique for treating hiatal hernia with gastroesophageal reflux disease: the laparoscopic total left-side surgical approachAnatomical characteristics of the posterior vagal trunk. a The posterior vagal trunk travels through the loose tissue outside the muscular layer of the right posterior wall of the abdominal esophagus (red dotted line). b The posterior vagal trunk produces nerve branches below the cardia (red dotted line) and c the celiac branch and posterior gastric branch (red dotted line)Back to article page