Fig. 2

Puncture port placement. a A 12-mm trocar is inserted through a transverse incision, 1.0 cm above the umbilicus to establish the pneumoperitoneum and insert the laparoscope. b A left anterior axillary subcostal incision is created to accommodate the primary 12-mm trocar. c A left midclavicular horizontal incision is made 2.0 cm above the umbilicus to accommodate an auxiliary 5-mm trocar. d A right midclavicular horizontal incision is made 2.0 cm above the umbilicus to accommodate a 12-mm trocar for the assistant’s instruments. e A right anterior axillary subcostal incision is made to accommodate a 5-mm trocar. f An incision is made 2.0 cm below the xiphoid process to accommodate a 5-mm trocar that is used to expose the hiatal region. The picture depicted in Fig. 2 was my own based on the actual scenario of surgery