Fig. 3

The urogenital fascia in the pelvis. a Schematic diagram of the UGF in the pelvis (view of the inner abdomen). b The partial entity of panel a in a cadaver. The UGF has a lateral boundary, laterally and inferiorly ensheathing the vas deferens and spermatic vessels and moving through the deep inguinal ring. Medially, the UGF is extended to the urinary bladder and pelvis. The ureters, vas deferens, and spermatic vessels move between both layers of the UGF. 1, rectus abdominis muscle; 2, transversalis fascia; 3, spermatic vessels; 4, ureter; 5, iliac vessels; 6, inferior epigastric vessels; 7, superficial layer of the UGF; 8, deep layer of the UGF; 9, vas deferens; 10, the lateral boundary of the UGF; 11, the transitional part of the UGF from the deep inguinal ring to the urinary bladder;12, urinary bladder. The green line indicates the transitional part of the UGF from the deep inguinal ring to the urinary bladder must be cut to flatten the mesh in LIHR