First author (year) | Intervention and control groups | Surgical approach to intervention | Length of stay, days | Diagnostic modality for anastomosis | Medical management | Endoscopic management | Surgical management |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bhat 2006 [6] | Omentoplasty (I) vs hand-sewn anastomosis alone (C) | Cervical: 102 Thoracic: 92 | NP | Water-soluble contrast | Abx, bronchodilators, chest physiotherapy | Re-insertion NG tube | Re-exploration, refashioning anastomosis |
Dai 2011 [5] | Omentoplasty (I) vs stapled anastomosis alone (C) | Cervical: 75 Thoracic: 180 | I: 20.4 (11.5)** C: 23.1 (15.2)** | Contrast | NP | NP | NP |
Daryaei 2008 [19] | NG tube (I) vs Metoclopramide (C) | Cervical: 20 Thoracic: 20 | I: 10.9 (3.5** C: 13.9 (8.2)** | Gastrografin contrast | Metoclopramide (C) | NP | NP |
Gupta 2001a [20] | Subtotal (I) vs slender anastomosis (C) | Cervical only | I: 10.7 (3.6)** C: 11.9 (5.6)** | Water-soluble contrast | Not reported | NP | NP |
Hayashi 2019a [21] | Early NG tube removal or no NG tube (I) vs prolonged NG tube removal (C) | Thoracic only | I: 25.7 (12.76)** C: 29.4 (18.06)** | Contrast agent | All patients received PPI, ICU admission postop | Re-insertion of NG tube | Tracheostomy, mini-tracheostomy |
Law 1997 [22] | Stapler (I) vs hand sewn anastomosis (C) | Thoracic only | NP | Gastrografin contrast, endoscopy | NP | NP | NP |
Liu 2014 [7] | Valvuloplasty (I) vs stapled anastomosis alone (C) | Cervical: 126 Thoracic: 259 | I: 20.4 (11.5)** C: 22.1 (15.2)** | Contrast, endoscopy | NP | NP | NP |
Liu 2015 [23] | Stapler (I) vs hand sewn anastomosis (C) | Cervical: 113 Thoracic: 354 | I: 20.1 (6.8)** C: 18.9 (7.3)** | Barium swallow, endoscopy | Nutrition, chest tube drain | NP | NP |
Luechakiettisak 2008 [24] | Stapler (I) vs hand sewn anastomosis (C) | Thoracic only | NP | Gastrografin contrast | NP | NP | NP |
Mistry 2012 [25] | Short-term (I) vs prolonged NG tube (C) | Cervical: 33 Thoracic: 117 | I: 12 (9 – 17)* C: 12 (10 – 17)* | Contrast | NP | NP | NP |
Nederlof 2011a [26] | End-to-end (I) vs side-to-end (C) anastomosis | Cervical: 88 Thoracic: 40 | I: 15 (9 – 125)* C: 22 (8 – 281)* | Contrast, endoscopy, neck wound saliva | NP | NP | Re-operation |
Okuyama 2007 [27] | Stapler (I) vs hand sewn anastomosis (C) | Cervical: 18 Thoracic: 14 | NP | Water-soluble contrast | Conservative | NP | NP |
Saluja 2012 [28] | Stapler (I) vs hand sewn anastomosis (C) | Cervical only | I: 12.8 (8)** C: 11.9 (6)** | Gastrografin contrast | Abx, opening neck wound | NP | NP |
Zhang 2010 [29] | Stapler (I) vs hand sewn anastomosis (C) | Thoracic only | NP | Chest tube output, contrast barium, endoscopy | Nutrition, chest tube drain | NP | NP |
Zheng 2013 [4] | Omentoplasty (I) vs hand-sewn anastomosis (C) | Thoracic only | I: 21 (5)** C: 23 (6)** | Gastrografin contrast | NP | NP | NP |
Tabira 2004 [30] | Subtotal (I) vs slender gastric tube (C) | Thoracic only | NP | NP | Conservative | NP | NP |
Valverde 1996a [31] | Stapler (I) vs hand sewn anastomosis (C) | Cervical: 45 Thoracic: 107 | NP | Swallow, methylene blue, interstitial fluid in drains | NP | NP | NP |